DNA segregation during Bacillus growth and development

芽孢杆菌生长和发育过程中的 DNA 分离

• 批准号: 7477658
• 负责人: JOSEPH A POGLIANO
• 金额: $ 27.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7477658
• 关键词: Actins; Affect; Animal Model; Antibiotic Resistance; Antibiotics; Bacillus (bacterium); Bacteria; Bacterial DNA; Behavior; Biological; Biological Assay; Biology; Cells; Cellular biology; DNA; DNA Sequence; Development; Diffusion; Distant; Elements; Ensure; Evolution; Family; Filament; Future; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Growth; Growth and Development function; Homologous Gene; In Vitro; Indigenous; Individual; Infection; Inherited; Molecular Genetics; Mothers; Mutation; Numbers; Organism; Pathogenesis; Pathogenicity; Plasmid Cloning Vector; Plasmids; Play; Principal Investigator; Process; Proteins; Relative (related person); Replicon; Reproduction spores; Role; Site-Directed Mutagenesis; Study models; System; Testing; Toxin; Tubulin; Virulence; Virulence Factors; Work; capsule; in vivo; microbial; novel; plasmid DNA; programs; research study; segregation; size; tool; trait; transcription factor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this application is to identify plasmid DNA partitioning systems that are active during both vegetative growth and sporulation in two different species of Bacillus. New tools for elucidating the mechanisms underlying plasmid segregation will be developed using the model organism B. subtilis, and then applied to B. megaterium. Utilizing two different Bacillus strains to study this problem will allow us to take advantage of the unique strengths that each organism and its indigenous plasmids offer, while maintaining a focused goal of understanding how conserved elements of the microbial DNA segregation machinery functions during sporulation to ensure that every spore inherits at least one copy of the plasmid. Plasmid segregation during sporulation provides an attractive system for studying DNA segregation because: 1) both the plasmids and the sporulation process are not nonessential; 2) the nearly 10 fold smaller volume of the forespore compared to the mothercell demands an efficient plasmid partitioning system; 3) cell-specific transcription factors become active during sporulation, allowing the development of powerful genetic and cell biology assays for DNA segregation during sporulation; and 4) many Bacillus plasmids do not encode proteins related to either the ParA or ParM families of plasmid segregation proteins, suggesting that novel partitioning mechanisms are at work. Since a wide variety of virulence factors are encoded on plasmids in pathogenic strains of Bacillus, understanding how plasmids are transmitted from one generation to the next is important for understanding the evolution and spread these key virulence determinants. These studies will allow the development of better genetic tools and plasmid vectors useful for manipulating many Bacillus species.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的目的是鉴定在两种不同芽孢杆菌属的营养生长和孢子形成过程中均活跃的质粒DNA分配系统。将使用模型生物枯草芽孢杆菌开发用于阐明质粒分离机制的新工具，然后应用于巨大芽孢杆菌。利用两种不同的芽孢杆菌菌株来研究这个问题将使我们能够利用每种生物体及其固有质粒所提供的独特优势，同时保持一个重点目标，即了解微生物 DNA 分离机制的保守元件在孢子形成过程中如何发挥作用，以确保每个孢子都继承至少一个质粒副本。孢子形成过程中的质粒分离为研究 DNA 分离提供了一个有吸引力的系统，因为：1）质粒和孢子形成过程都不是不必要的； 2) 前孢子的体积比母细胞小近10倍，需要有效的质粒分配系统； 3) 细胞特异性转录因子在孢子形成过程中变得活跃，从而可以开发出强大的遗传和细胞生物学检测方法，用于孢子形成过程中的 DNA 分离； 4) 许多芽孢杆菌质粒不编码与质粒分离蛋白的 ParA 或 ParM 家族相关的蛋白，这表明新的分离机制正在发挥作用。由于芽孢杆菌致病菌株的质粒上编码了多种毒力因子，因此了解质粒如何从一代传播到下一代对于理解进化和传播这些关键毒力决定因素非常重要。这些研究将有助于开发更好的遗传工具和质粒载体，可用于操纵许多芽孢杆菌属物种。