Interhemispheric transfer of grasp control after stroke

描述(申请人提供)：偏瘫是中风后最常见的运动障碍，经常导致持续性手功能障碍。长期目标是了解中风后手运动功能恢复的潜在机制，为临床实践中使用的康复方案提供科学依据。具体的假设是，非受累的手可以帮助受累的手恢复。PI基于这一假设，观察到，在中风后，一些受试者之前用非受累手抓握改善了对受试者用受累手抓握物体重量的预期计划。基于这些观察，本研究的重点是通过非受累手的预先操作，研究大脑半球传递的信息的类型和性质，以改进卒中后偏瘫患者和年龄匹配的对照组患者用受累手进行抓握的计划和执行。研究的具体目的是：(1)研究肌肉传感器的重量相关信息或指尖的触觉信息是否调节预期控制跨手向物体重量的转移；(2)检验跨手转移预期控制的重量相关信息是否需要特定任务的肌肉活动；以及(3)确定非参与手的先前操作是否改善了与相关手握手的时间和空间神经肌肉控制。将使用握力仪器的心理物理方法来检查规划抓握所需的信息类型，并将使用定量肌电图法来调查非受累手在改善受累手的神经肌肉控制抓握方面的贡献。该项目是职业发展计划的一部分，旨在获得系统神经科学、运动控制和运动生物力学方面的培训，同时获得心理物理和肌电技术方面的技能。该协会是康复医学系的一名讲师，该系致力于支持这一领域的研究。西奈山医学院和师范学院提供了丰富的环境，使PI能够成为研究中风后康复机制的独立调查者，并将运动控制研究转化为治疗方案，用于脑损伤后自主运动功能的康复。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hemiparesis is the most common motor impairment after stroke that frequently results in persistent hand dysfunction. The long-term goal is to understand the mechanisms underlying the recovery of hand motor function after stroke to provide a scientific rationale for rehabilitation protocols used in clinical practice. The specific hypothesis is that the non-involved hand can assist in the recovery of the involved hand. The PIs base this hypothesis on the observation that prior grasping with the non-involved hand improved anticipatory planning of grasp to object weight with the involved hand in some subjects after stroke. Based on these observations, the focus of this proposal is to investigate the type and nature of information relayed across the hemispheres, by prior manipulation with the non-involved hand, to improve planning and execution of grasp with the involved hand in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis and age-matched controls. The specific aims are to: (1) Investigate whether weight-related information from muscle sensors or tactile information from the fingertips mediates the transfer of anticipatory control to object weight across hands; (2) Examine whether weight-related information for transfer of anticipatory control across hands requires task specific muscular activity; and (3) Determine whether prior manipulation with the non-involved hand improves the temporal and spatial neuromuscular control of grasping with the involved hand. Psychophysical methods using a grip instrument will be used to examine the type of information necessary for planning of grasp, and quantitative electromyography will be used to investigate the contribution of the non-involved hand in improving neuromuscular control of grasp in the involved hand. This project is proposed as part of a career development plan to obtain training in systems neuroscience, motor control, and movement biomechanics, while acquiring skills in psychophysical and electromyographic techniques. The PI is an Instructor in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine which is strongly committed to supporting research in this field. The Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Teachers College provide a rich environment to enable the PI to become an independent investigator studying the mechanisms of recovery after stroke, and to translate research in motor control into therapeutic protocols for the rehabilitation of voluntary motor functions after brain injury.