Interhemispheric transfer of grasp control after stroke

中风后抓握控制的半球间转移

• 批准号: 7096766
• 负责人: PREETI RAGHAVAN
• 金额: $ 12.95万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-15 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7096766
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; biomechanics; clinical research; electromyography; fingers; functional ability; hand; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; mechanoreceptors; medical rehabilitation related tag; neural information processing; neuromuscular junction; neuropathology; patient oriented research; proprioception /kinesthesia; psychomotor function; psychophysiology; rehabilitation; sensory feedback; stroke; touch

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hemiparesis is the most common motor impairment after stroke that frequently results in persistent hand dysfunction. The long-term goal is to understand the mechanisms underlying the recovery of hand motor function after stroke to provide a scientific rationale for rehabilitation protocols used in clinical practice. The specific hypothesis is that the non-involved hand can assist in the recovery of the involved hand. The PIs base this hypothesis on the observation that prior grasping with the non-involved hand improved anticipatory planning of grasp to object weight with the involved hand in some subjects after stroke. Based on these observations, the focus of this proposal is to investigate the type and nature of information relayed across the hemispheres, by prior manipulation with the non-involved hand, to improve planning and execution of grasp with the involved hand in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis and age-matched controls. The specific aims are to: (1) Investigate whether weight-related information from muscle sensors or tactile information from the fingertips mediates the transfer of anticipatory control to object weight across hands; (2) Examine whether weight-related information for transfer of anticipatory control across hands requires task specific muscular activity; and (3) Determine whether prior manipulation with the non-involved hand improves the temporal and spatial neuromuscular control of grasping with the involved hand. Psychophysical methods using a grip instrument will be used to examine the type of information necessary for planning of grasp, and quantitative electromyography will be used to investigate the contribution of the non-involved hand in improving neuromuscular control of grasp in the involved hand. This project is proposed as part of a career development plan to obtain training in systems neuroscience, motor control, and movement biomechanics, while acquiring skills in psychophysical and electromyographic techniques. The PI is an Instructor in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine which is strongly committed to supporting research in this field. The Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Teachers College provide a rich environment to enable the PI to become an independent investigator studying the mechanisms of recovery after stroke, and to translate research in motor control into therapeutic protocols for the rehabilitation of voluntary motor functions after brain injury.

描述（由申请人提供）：偏瘫是中风后最常见的运动障碍，经常导致持续的手部功能障碍。长期目标是了解脑卒中后手部运动功能恢复的机制，为临床实践中使用的康复方案提供科学依据。具体的假设是，未参与的手可以帮助参与的手恢复。这一假设的基础是观察到，在中风后，一些受试者先前用非参与手抓握提高了用参与手抓握物体重量的预期计划。基于这些观察结果，本研究的重点是研究信息传递的类型和性质，通过事先用非参与手操作，改善卒中后偏瘫患者和年龄匹配对照者参与手的抓握计划和执行。具体目的是：(1)研究来自肌肉传感器的体重相关信息或来自指尖的触觉信息是否介导了预期控制对物体重量的传递；(2)研究预期控制跨手传递的体重相关信息是否需要特定任务的肌肉活动；(3)确定先前非受累手的操作是否能改善受累手抓取时的时空神经肌肉控制。使用握力仪器的心理物理方法将用于检查计划握力所需的信息类型，定量肌电图将用于调查非参与手在改善参与手的握力神经肌肉控制方面的贡献。该项目是作为职业发展计划的一部分，旨在获得系统神经科学，运动控制和运动生物力学方面的培训，同时获得心理物理和肌电图技术方面的技能。PI是康复医学系的讲师，该部门致力于支持该领域的研究。西奈山医学院和师范学院提供了丰富的环境，使PI成为研究中风后恢复机制的独立研究者，并将运动控制研究转化为脑损伤后自主运动功能康复的治疗方案。