Efficacy of a Pregnancy, STI, or HIV Prevention Intervention to Change Condom Use

妊娠、性传播感染或艾滋病毒预防干预措施对改变安全套使用的功效

• 批准号: 7230792
• 负责人: Wynne E Norton
• 金额: $ 4.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-29 至 2009-07-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7230792
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; AIDS therapy; HIV infections; adolescence (12-20); age at pregnancy; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; clinical trials; computer system design /evaluation; condoms; disease /disorder prevention /control; family planning; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; human therapy evaluation; predoctoral investigator; pregnancy; questionnaires; safe sex /sex abstinence; sex behavior; sexually transmitted diseases; social psychology; statistics /biometry; university student; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this research proposal is to investigate the relative efficacy of pregnancy, STI, or HIV prevention-focused interventions on increasing condom use in heterosexual young adults. We predict, based on conceptual arguments developed in our proposal, that for heterosexual young adults, pregnancy- and STI-focused interventions will be more effective in promoting condom use than HIV-focused interventions. To the best of our knowledge, no research to date has directly compared the effects of pregnancy, STI, and HIV prevention-focused interventions in promoting condom use. The components of each intervention will be based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model of health-behavior change (Fisher & Fisher, 1992). Each intervention will share common elements, but will have a pregnancy prevention, STI prevention, or an HIV prevention focus. Specific aim one will involve the design and pilot testing of separate pregnancy-, STI-, and HIV-focused experimental interventions and a matched-for-time control condition. Specific aim two will employ a randomized control intervention trial to test the relative efficacy of the three interventions and the matched-for-time control on condom use. Participants will complete intervention/outcome measures of condom use at pre-intervention, three months post-intervention, and six months post-intervention. The predicted finding-that for a heterosexual population a pregnancy or STI prevention-focused intervention will increase condom use more than an HIV prevention-focused intervention-has important theoretical implications, as well as implications for the future development and dissemination of effective HIV prevention interventions. Conceptually, we argue that health-behavior change interventions may be most effective when they focus on conditions that are both available and representative for the target population, rather than on conditions that are not salient in memory and do not accurately represent a typical member of the target population. This framework may apply to other public health domains, including cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. This proposal seeks to be an impetus leading to future health-behavior change interventions designed to target health conditions that threaten particular populations, and to use the availability and representativeness of that particular threat as a means to alleviate it.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究建议的目的是研究怀孕，性传播感染或预防HIV的相对疗效，以增加异性恋年轻人的避孕套使用的增加。我们预测，根据我们的提案中提出的概念论点，对于异性恋年轻人，以妊娠和以STI为中心的干预措施将比以HIV为注重HIV的干预措施更有效。据我们所知，迄今为止尚无研究直接比较以预防预防措施促进避孕套使用的妊娠，性传播感染和HIV预防干预措施的影响。每种干预的组成部分将基于健康行为变化的信息动机行为技能模型（Fisher＆Fisher，1992）。每种干预措施都将共享共同的因素，但预防怀孕，预防性传播感染或预防HIV的重点。特定目标将涉及单独的妊娠，STI-和注重HIV的实验干预措施以及匹配的时间控制条件的设计和试验测试。具体目标两个将采用随机控制干预试验来测试三种干预措施的相对疗效以及对避孕套使用的匹配时间控制。参与者将在干预前，干预后三个月和干预后六个月完成干预/结果测量。预测的发现异性恋人群的怀孕或预防性预防干预措施将增加使用避孕套的使用，而不是预防艾滋病毒预防干预措施的重要理论意义，以及对未来发展和对有效艾滋病毒预防干预措施的影响。从概念上讲，我们认为，当健康行为变化的干预措施专注于既有目标人群的可用条件，而不是在记忆中并不明显并且不能准确代表目标人群中的典型成员的条件时，可能是最有效的。该框架可能适用于其他公共卫生领域，包括癌症，糖尿病和心脏病。该提案试图成为一种动力，导致未来的健康行为变化干预措施，旨在针对威胁特定人群的健康状况，并利用该特定威胁的可用性和代表性作为减轻其的手段。