Taking a high frequency pulse of rivers: the new wave of water-quality and pollution checks to support integrated real-time river basin management.

掌握河流的高频脉搏：新一轮水质和污染检查，支持流域综合实时管理。

• 批准号: 2741923
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2741923
• 关键词: Taking; frequency; pulse; rivers; new

Urban water pollution and quality concerns within densely populated river catchments are amongst the most pressing environmental and public health challenges faced by societies on the planet, impacting ecosystem functioning and water and food security. Recent advances in field-based environmental analytical monitoring capacity have yielded first insights into the highly dynamic behaviour of water pollution problems in urban and peri-urban places. These include the identification of hotspots, as areas of increased pollution levels and hot moments, as periods of intensive pollution, that over-proportionally affect catchment water quality. However, the relative importance of these pollution hotspots and hot moments as well as the conditions that cause this behaviour have yet to be determined.We are currently experiencing a technological revolution in environmental monitoring, changing paradigms in water quality and pollution sensing to new frontiers that open unprecedented opportunities for taking the pulse of water quality extremes in complex landscapes. Instead of taking water samples in the field and transporting them back into the laboratory for subsequent analysis, the recent sensor revolution enables the monitoring of water quality in-situ, that is, in real-time and directly where it occurs. These technological advances enable to more adequately capture the event characteristics of dynamic flow and pollution events, including water quality extremes. Recent interdisciplinary research has also triggered the development of useful metrics for the identification of pollution source zone activation in river basins.This project will work at the forefront of these developments to directly improve the way we detect, monitor, and prevent pollution of urban rivers. This PhD project will pioneer the combined and integrated development of novel types of water quality sensor networks and numerical models of in order improve the mechanistic understanding of the evolution of source area activation along urban-rural gradients. It will therefore push current paradigms in in-situ water quality monitoring technologies (such as absorbance and fluorescence probes, as well as river basin scale water quality monitoring in order to identify event-based dynamics of pollution sources (Figure 1 right). The findings of this study will directly support the development of more evidence-based prediction and management of river basin management.

人口稠密的河流流域内的城市水污染和质量问题是地球上社会面临的最紧迫的环境和公共健康挑战之一，影响到生态系统的功能以及水和粮食安全。在实地环境分析监测能力方面的最新进展使人们对城市和城市周边地区水污染问题的高度动态行为有了初步的了解。这些措施包括确定污染水平和热点时刻增加的热点地区，以及严重影响集水区水质的严重污染时期。然而，这些污染热点和热点时刻的相对重要性以及导致这种行为的条件尚未确定。我们目前正在经历一场环境监测的技术革命，将水质和污染传感的范式转变到新的前沿，为在复杂景观中测量水质极端情况提供了前所未有的机会。最近的传感器革命不是在实地采集水样并将其运回实验室进行后续分析，而是能够就地监测水质，即在发生水质的地方进行实时和直接的监测。这些技术进步能够更充分地捕捉动态流动和污染事件的事件特征，包括水质极端事件。最近的跨学科研究也引发了确定河流流域污染源区域激活的有用指标的开发。该项目将走在这些开发的前沿，直接改进我们检测、监测和预防城市河流污染的方式。这一博士项目将率先结合和综合开发新型水质传感器网络和水源地的数值模型，以提高对水源地激活沿城乡梯度演变的机理的理解。因此，它将推动现场水质监测技术(如吸光度和荧光探头)的现有模式，以及流域规模的水质监测，以确定污染源的事件动态(图1右)。这项研究的结果将直接支持流域管理的更多循证预测和管理的发展。