Using the Energy Gap to Prevent Weight Regain

利用能量缺口来防止体重反弹

• 批准号: 7099791
• 负责人: HOLLY R WYATT
• 金额: $ 49.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7099791
• 关键词: bioenergetics; body physical activity; clinical research; human subject; human therapy evaluation; obesity; patient oriented research; relapse /recurrence; weight control; weight gain; weight loss

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The major obstacle for obesity treatment is not producing weight loss but in maintaining weight losses over time. Most previous research has been aimed at understanding the factors involved in weight loss and comparing different interventions for weight loss. We propose that weight loss and weight loss maintenance are different processes and that some strategies that work well for losing weight do not work well for keeping weight off. Specifically, we propose that the strategy used by most dieters to keep weight off - food restriction - is not likely to lead to success in keeping weight off. We believe that the body has a physiological drive to maintain a high level of energy expenditure (i.e. high energy throughput). The high energy expenditure can be obtained by maintaining a high level of physical activity or by increasing body weight. Obese individuals have achieved a high level of energy expenditure in part through the process of becoming obese. After weight loss, total energy expenditure is reduced due to declines in metabolism. We have termed this reduction as the "energy gap" and filling the "energy gap" is the challenge for weight loss maintenance. We believe that most people try to fill the "energy gap" by restricting energy intake. This is difficult over the long-term because it opposes both biology and the environment. Our previous data from the National Weight Control Registry suggest that those individuals who are successful in long-term weight loss maintenance close the "energy gap" by physical activity, thus allowing energy balance to be achieved at high energy expenditure (i.e. high energy throughput). We propose to evaluate this hypothesis by randomly assigning individuals to different methods for filling the "energy gap" following weight loss. We hypothesize that those who are assigned to close the "energy gap" with physical activity will regain less weight than those assigned to close the "energy gap" with food restriction alone or with a combination of increased physical activity and food restriction. We further propose to use leading edge techniques to assess how a high energy throughput produced by a high level of activity affects components of energy balance and matching of intake with expenditure. If our hypothesis is correct, estimating the "energy gap" could be done in clinical practice and could provide a quantitative prescription for lifestyle changes required for weight loss maintenance. It would provide a new strategy to help the public be more successful at maintaining a weight loss.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖治疗的主要障碍不是产生体重减轻，而是随着时间的推移保持体重减轻。大多数以前的研究旨在了解减肥所涉及的因素，并比较不同的减肥干预措施。我们认为，减肥和减肥维持是不同的过程，一些减肥效果很好的策略并不能很好地保持体重。具体来说，我们认为大多数节食者用来保持体重的策略--食物限制--不太可能成功地保持体重。我们认为，身体有一种生理驱动力，以保持高水平的能量消耗（即高能量吞吐量）。高能量消耗可以通过保持高水平的体力活动或增加体重来获得。肥胖的个体已经达到了高水平的能量消耗，部分是通过变得肥胖的过程。减肥后，由于新陈代谢下降，总能量消耗减少。我们将这种减少称为“能量差距”，填补“能量差距”是维持减肥的挑战。我们认为，大多数人试图通过限制能量摄入来填补“能量缺口”。从长远来看，这是困难的，因为它既反对生物学，也反对环境。我们之前从国家体重控制登记处获得的数据表明，那些长期减肥成功的人通过体力活动缩小了“能量差距”，从而使能量平衡在高能量消耗（即高能量通量）下实现。我们建议通过随机分配个体以不同的方法来填补减肥后的“能量缺口”来评估这一假设。我们假设，那些被分配到通过体力活动来缩小“能量差距”的人，比那些被分配到通过单独的食物限制或增加体力活动和食物限制相结合来缩小“能量差距”的人，体重会增加得更少。我们还建议使用前沿技术来评估高水平活动产生的高能量通量如何影响能量平衡的组成部分以及摄入与支出的匹配。如果我们的假设是正确的，估计“能量差距”可以在临床实践中完成，并可以提供维持减肥所需的生活方式改变的定量处方。这将提供一种新的策略，帮助公众更成功地保持减肥。