Vestibular Regulation of Respiratory Muscle Activity

呼吸肌活动的前庭调节

• 批准号: 7039304
• 负责人: BILL J YATES
• 金额: $ 28.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7039304
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; biological signal transduction; cats; electromyography; ferrets; gamma aminobutyrate; glycine; head movements; medulla oblongata; motor neurons; neuronal transport; neurotransmitters; posture; pulmonary respiration; respiration regulatory center; respiratory muscles; reticular formation; vestibular apparatus; vestibular nerve

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A variety of experimental approaches have established that the vestibular system contributes to making adjustments in the activity of thoracic and abdominal respiratory pump muscles as well as muscles that regulate the resistance of the upper airway during movement and changes in posture. However, these effects are complex, such that the physiological role of the vestibular system in regulating the movement of air in and out of the lungs is not yet clear. Specific Aim 1 of the current proposal will determine this role by examining the consequences of a bilateral labyrinthectomy on the pressure, volume, and flow rate of air exchanged during inspiration and expiration as body orientation with respect to gravity is altered. Prior experiments have also shown that some of the neurons that relay vestibular signals to respiratory motoneurons are located in the medial medullary reticular formation, but that these cells are insufficient to produce vestibulo-respiratory responses. Our anatomical studies and physiological studies by others have revealed that additional premotor respiratory neurons are located in the spinal cord. Specific Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that spinal interneurons are elements in the neuronal circuit that mediates vestibular system influences on the movement of air in and out of the lungs. Patterned contractions of respiratory muscles are additionally responsible for producing vomiting; vestibular signals trigger this motor activity during emesis associated with motion sickness. However, the neural circuit that elicits vomiting has not yet been established, although recent evidence suggests that cells in the medial medullary reticular formation are important components in this pathway. Specific Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that medial medullary reticular formation neurons coordinate the patterned discharges of respiratory muscles that underlie vomiting, including emesis associated with motion sickness. Together, these experiments should establish the particular role that labyrinthine signals serve in adjusting the activity of respiratory muscles to compensate for the effects of gravity on these muscles, the airways, and the lungs. In addition, the location and physiological characteristics of premotor neurons that mediate labyrinthine influences on respiratory motoneuron firing, both during postural alterations and emesis, will be ascertained.

描述（由申请人提供）：各种实验方法已经确定，前庭系统有助于调整胸腔和腹部呼吸泵肌肉的活性以及调节运动过程中上呼吸道阻力和姿势变化的肌肉。但是，这些作用是复杂的，因此前庭系统在调节空气进出肺部运动中的生理作用尚不清楚。当前建议的特定目的1将通过检查双侧迷宫切除术对在灵感和到期期间交换的空气压力，体积和流量的后果来确定这一作用，因为随着身体对重力的身体方向而交换的空气。先前的实验还表明，将前庭信号传递到呼吸运动神经元的一些神经元位于内侧髓质网状形成中，但这些细胞不足以产生前庭呼吸反应。我们其他人的解剖学研究和生理研究表明，其他前呼吸神经元位于脊髓中。具体目标2将检验以下假设：脊柱中间神经元是神经元回路中介导前庭系统对空气进出肺部运动的影响的元素。呼吸道肌肉的图案收缩还负责产生呕吐。前庭信号触发与运动疾病相关的呕吐过程中的这种运动活动。然而，尽管最近的证据表明，内侧髓质网状形成中的细胞是该途径中的重要组成部分，但尚未建立引起呕吐的神经回路。具体目标3将检验以下假设：内侧髓质网状形成神经元协调呕吐的呼吸肌肉的图案放电，包括呕吐，包括与运动疾病有关的呕吐。这些实验共同确定了迷宫信号在调整呼吸肌肉活性以补偿重力对这些肌肉，气道和肺部的影响的特殊作用。此外，将确定介导迷宫的影响对呼吸运动神经元射击的影响，在姿势改变和发育期间，都将确定迷宫前神经元的位置和生理特征。