New methods of carbon capture using green materials

使用绿色材料的碳捕获新方法

• 批准号: 2745311
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Strathclyde
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2745311
• 关键词: New; methods; carbon; capture; using

Recent years have seen a drive for urgent action to address the decades of accumulated emissions from the industrialisation of the globe. It is evident that there is a need for new fuels to decarbonise energy provision, however, there will be a period of transition during which fossil fuels will continue to be used, hence, amelioration of ongoing emissions is essential to prevent further increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. The drive for net zero aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and technologies developed for the removal of CO2 from process streams have potential to realise the Paris Agreement goal of limiting the post-industrial global temperature increase to 1.5 C; however current technologies have limitations in their efficiencies and in that they produce toxic wastes. Thus, a solution offering environmental and economic benefits in a holistic process from systems development to application is sought through this study.Existing scrubbing technologies for the removal of CO2 use basic amines to chemically scavenge the acidic gas, but there is a large energy penalty to reverse the process and recover the CO2. Alongside this there is also the potential environmental impact of toxic releases of the chemicals used to ecosystems. By comparison, physical methods of capture, such as adsorption on inorganic or carbon materials, can offer easier regeneration but can suffer from reduced capacities and selectivites by nature of the weaker interactions.The project focusses on using current understanding of carbon materials engineering, in conjunction with characterization of sorption properties, to iteratively synthesize, test and retro-engineer an optimal hydrochar for selective CO2 uptake and storage. The hydrochar materials will be derived from unwanted biomass, providing a route to valorisation of waste streams. For example, these will be from sources such as food and agricultural wastes, or other industrial by-products, which can be valorised by conversion into adsorbents. Selected materials will be subject to hydrothermal treatment to lock in the porous nature of the feedstock and prevent routes to degradation, creating stable sorbents that can be reused in cyclic processes, further increasing the positive impact of the work.

近年来，人们迫切要求采取行动，解决地球仪工业化数十年来累积的排放问题。很明显，需要新的燃料来减少能源供应的碳化，然而，将有一个过渡期，在此期间，化石燃料将继续使用，因此，改善持续的排放对于防止大气二氧化碳（CO2）水平的进一步增加至关重要。净零排放的努力符合联合国可持续发展目标，为从工艺流程中去除二氧化碳而开发的技术有可能实现巴黎协定将后工业化全球气温升高限制在1.5 ℃的目标;然而，目前的技术在效率方面存在局限性，并且会产生有毒废物。因此，通过本研究，寻求一种从系统开发到应用的整体过程中提供环境和经济效益的解决方案。现有的用于去除CO2的洗涤技术使用碱性胺来化学地去除酸性气体，但是要逆转该过程并回收CO2，存在很大的能量损失。除此之外，还存在用于生态系统的化学品的有毒排放对环境的潜在影响。相比之下，物理捕获方法，如在无机或碳材料上的吸附，可以提供更容易的再生，但由于较弱的相互作用性质，可能会降低容量和选择性。该项目侧重于利用目前对碳材料工程的理解，结合吸附性能的表征，迭代合成，测试和改造用于选择性CO2吸收和储存最佳水热炭。水热炭材料将来源于不需要的生物质，提供了一种废物流的增值途径。例如，这些废物将来自食品和农业废物或其他工业副产品等来源，这些废物可以通过转化为吸附剂来增值。选定的材料将进行水热处理，以锁定原料的多孔性并防止降解，从而产生可在循环过程中重复使用的稳定吸附剂，进一步增加工作的积极影响。