HIV Prevention: Strengthening Aboriginal Youth

艾滋病毒预防：加强原住民青年的力量

• 批准号: 7113627
• 负责人: BETSY DAVIS
• 金额: $ 59.61万
• 依托单位: OREGON RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7113627
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; Canada; Native Americans; academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; coping; disease /disorder proneness /risk; educationally disadvantaged; family structure /dynamics; fetal alcohol syndrome; health behavior; health disparity; human subject; human therapy evaluation; model design /development; outcomes research; racial /ethnic difference; substance abuse related disorder; urban poverty area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The rates of AIDS/HIV, declining in the general population, are increasing for the young and those of minority status. New HIV/AIDS diagnoses in Native communities are on the increase, with the median age of the American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) HIV/AIDS population being younger than the overall U.S. population. The rising trend among Native people is not isolated to this country; rather the epidemic pervades international borders to impact Native people across the North American continent. A host of risk factors across demographic, social, and health domains are associated with increased risk for HIV infection and unduly affect the Native population. More live below the poverty line and are unemployed, disproportionately experience school failure and drop out, and evidence low adherence to health services. For Native families, European contact and subsequent colonization led to historical trauma that had an impact on cultural practices, individual functioning, parenting skills, family relations, and subsequently child adjustment. When compounded by society's failure to address the educational literacy needs of these youth, they have been rendered vulnerable, particularly when residing in urban areas fraught with contextual risks linked to substance use and HIV/AIDS infection. The current study proposes to implement and examine the efficacy of a literacy embedded family-based substance use/HIV risk intervention within an inner city, at-risk population of Native adolescents. Interventions will be implemented in the schools and the community by regular staff in those settings. Participants will be 180 Native adolescents (ages 12-14) in grades 6-8 residing in the Eastside area of Vancouver, British Columbia and their families. Families will be randomly assigned to either an academic + family or academic alone intervention with 90 families in each condition. Three academic assessments (pre-, mid-, and post school year) will include measures of reading fluency and comprehension, written expression, current grades, and attendance. Three family assessments (pre-, post-, and 6- month follow-up) will also be conducted to measure HIV risk behaviors, substance use, family functioning, and other problem behaviors. Intervention fidelity, interventionist cultural competence, and other culturally relevant variables will also be assessed. In targeting the intra- and interpersonal functioning in Native families as well as adolescent literacy deficits in a single intervention approach, we are attempting to address the widest array of risk and protective factors known to influence Native adolescent drug use and HIV-risk behaviors. In addition to testing the efficacy of our family-based intervention approach, this study will allow for development and testing of a culturally sensitive conceptual process model of theoretical constructs related to Native adolescent HIV risk and substance use behavior.

描述(由申请人提供)：艾滋病/艾滋病毒感染率在一般人口中呈下降趋势，而年轻人和少数群体的感染率则呈上升趋势。土著社区新诊断的艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例正在增加，美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民(AI/AN)艾滋病毒/艾滋病人口的年龄中值比美国总人口年轻。土著人民中的上升趋势并不是这个国家的孤立现象；相反，这种流行病跨越国际边界，影响整个北美大陆的土著人民。人口、社会和健康领域的许多风险因素与艾滋病毒感染风险的增加有关，并对土著人口造成不适当的影响。更多的人生活在贫困线以下，失业，更多的人经历了学业失败和辍学，而且有证据表明，他们对医疗服务的坚持程度很低。对于土著家庭来说，欧洲人的接触和随后的殖民造成了历史创伤，对文化习俗、个人功能、育儿技能、家庭关系以及随后的儿童适应产生了影响。由于社会未能满足这些青年的教育扫盲需求，他们变得更加脆弱，特别是当他们居住在城市地区，充满与药物使用和艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染有关的背景风险时。目前的研究建议在市中心的土著青少年高危人群中实施和检查以识字为基础的以家庭为基础的物质使用/艾滋病毒风险干预的有效性。干预措施将由学校和社区的正规工作人员在这些环境中实施。参与者将是居住在不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华东区的180名6-8年级的土著青少年(12-14岁)及其家人。家庭将被随机分配到学术+家庭或单独进行学术干预，每种情况下有90个家庭。三项学术评估(学前、学中和学后)将包括对阅读流利性和理解力、书面表达、当前成绩和出勤率的测量。还将进行三次家庭评估(前、后和6个月的跟踪)，以衡量艾滋病毒危险行为、药物使用、家庭功能和其他问题行为。干预忠诚度、干预者的文化能力和其他与文化相关的变量也将被评估。在以土著家庭内部和人际功能以及青少年识字缺陷为目标的单一干预方法中，我们试图解决已知的影响土著青少年吸毒和艾滋病毒危险行为的最广泛的风险和保护因素。除了测试我们以家庭为基础的干预方法的有效性外，这项研究还将允许开发和测试与本土青少年艾滋病毒风险和药物使用行为相关的理论结构的文化敏感概念过程模型。