Revolutionary Elutriation System Prototype Refinement

描述（由申请人提供）：单细胞类型的集合用于各种临床应用，特别是输血医学，以及各种研究应用，如疫苗开发，组织培养和病原体检测。在所有这些应用中，通常需要去除不需要的培养基，仅选择给定类型或大小的细胞，洗去污染物，并可能向细胞中添加不同的试剂。最近开发了一种革命性的淘析系统，可在一个处理步骤中彻底有效地实现所有这些功能。与传统的淘析系统不同，在传统淘析系统中，细胞在越来越强的流体流中逐渐被冲走，新设备中的独特分离室选择性地仅保留特定范围的颗粒尺寸和密度。在广泛的计算机程序的帮助下设计的这种新的腔室已经被用于将红细胞浓缩物中的残留白色血细胞减少到检测水平，同时也去除了所有残留的血浆。这个项目的目标是扩展和完善这个原型的功能。首先，由于原型目前仅限于红细胞的相对窄的尺寸范围，因此该装置将被修改以处理从最小的血小板到最大的单核细胞的整个尺寸范围的血沉棕黄层。虽然不能立即用于临床，但这种扩展的能力对于证明该技术可以处理的广泛细胞是必要的。接下来，该设备将用于处理血小板，以证明临床实用性。要解决的问题包括需要在不过度损失细胞的情况下减少血小板白细胞，去除残留的血浆，以及去除大部分细菌污染。如果成功，这项技术可以应用于所有的细胞制造过程，包括重组工作和基因工程技术。与公共卫生的相关性：单细胞是生命的最小单位。在临床实践中，这项新技术可以清洁和分类单个血细胞类型，从而使输血更安全，更有效。在研究和新兴的制造应用中，这项新技术可以为疫苗开发、组织培养和疾病爆发检测准备更好的细胞。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Collections of single cell types are used in a variety of clinical applications, notably transfusion medicine, and in diverse research applications such as vaccine development, tissue culture, and pathogen detection. In all of these applications, it is often necessary to remove unwanted media, select only the cells of a given type or size, wash away contaminants, and possibly add different reagents to the cells. A revolutionary elutriation system has recently been developed to achieve all of these functions thoroughly and efficiently, in a single processing step. Unlike conventional elutriation systems in which the cells are progressively swept away in stronger and stronger fluid flows, a unique separation chamber in the new device selectively retains only a specified range of particle sizes and densities. Designed with the aid of extensive computer programs, this new chamber has already been used to reduce residual white blood cells in red cell concentrates to the level of detection, while also removing all residual plasma. The goals of this project are to extend and refine the capabilities of this prototype. First, because the prototype is currently limited to the relatively narrow size range of red blood cells, the device will be modified to handle the entire size range of the buffy coat, extending from the smallest platelets to the largest monocytes. Although not of immediate clinical use, this extended capability is necessary to demonstrate the wide range of cells that the technology can handle. Next, the device will be used to process platelets to demonstrate clinical utility. The problems to be addressed include the need to leukoreduce the platelets without excessive cell loss, remove residual plasma, and remove most of the bacterial contamination. If successful, this technology can then be applied in all cellular manufacturing processes, including recombinant work and genetic engineering technologies. Relevance to Public Health: Single cells are the smallest units of life. In clinical practice, this new technology can clean and sort single blood cell types, thereby making transfusions safer and more effective. In research and emerging manufacturing applications, this new technology can prepare better cells for vaccine development, tissue culture, and disease outbreak detection.