Cognition-Emotion-HPA Interaction: Translation Network

描述（由申请人提供）：情感和认知过程是处理信息的互补方式。情感提供快速的“完形”评估，而认知提供审慎的、顺序的和分析的控制。 传统上，这些现象被孤立地研究，伴随情绪的躯体/神经内分泌状态被视为大脑活动的外围标志。然而，神经内分泌活动实际上影响大脑，调节认知和情绪处理。我们认为，认知，情绪和躯体（CES）过程实际上不断相互作用的相互关联的反馈回路和无效的CES互动可能会导致功能失调的行为和精神病理学。一个全面的帐户CES的相互作用，其对精神疾病的发展的贡献，尚未出现。我们建议建立一个认知/情感神经科学家，行为内分泌学家和临床研究人员的网络，开发实验工具，直接检查CES的相互作用及其在精神病理学中的作用。 六名研究人员（3名来自密歇根州，3名来自哥伦比亚）将共同致力于（1）建立临床和基础行为科学家的翻译网络，（2）开发研究CES相互作用的范例，（3）收集试点数据以绘制CES相互作用的神经回路，以及（4）将这种方法转化为精神病理学研究。为了实现这些目标，我们提出了具体的步骤网络建设（创建一个多学科的团队和培训翻译科学家的背景下），范式发展（创建新的实验方法），试点实验（开始映射CES神经回路），并翻译到临床相关性（通过应用模型的精神疾病，从创伤后应激障碍）。三个试点实验将利用情绪（社会压力），躯体（升高皮质醇）和认知操纵，评估在刺激评价和决策领域的影响，使用神经解剖学（功能磁共振成像），行为和神经内分泌结果的措施。这些实验将开始绘制CES神经回路，探测前额叶皮层区域（如扣带回和背内侧回）和边缘系统结构（如杏仁核、海马体、腹侧尾状核）之间和内部的相互作用，并促进进一步的范式发展。 协作环境和多学科团队将促进转化行为科学心理健康研究，开发新的范式，并收集有关CES互动的初步数据，这些互动塑造了行为并有助于精神病理学。它将为更大的翻译科学项目提供基础，并为培养未来的翻译科学家提供背景。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Emotional and cognitive processes are complementary ways to process information. Emotions provide rapid "gestalt" assessments, and cognition provides deliberative, sequential, and analytic control. Traditionally, these phenomena were examined in isolation and the somatic/neuroendocrine states that accompany emotions have been seen as mere peripheral markers of brain activity. However, neuroendocrine activity actually affects the brain, modulating cognitive and emotional processing. We propose that cognitive, emotional, and somatic (CES) processes in fact constantly interact in reciprocally interconnected feedback loops and that ineffective CES interaction can lead to dysfunctional behavior and psychopathology. A comprehensive account of CES interplay, and its contribution to the development of psychiatric disorders, has yet to emerge. We propose to create a network of cognitive/affective neuroscientists, behavioral endocrinologists and clinical researchers to develop experimental tools to directly examine CES interactions and their role in psychopathology. Six researchers (3 from Michigan and 3 from Columbia) will work together to (1) establish a translational network of clinical and basic behavioral scientists, (2) develop paradigms to study CES interactions, (3) collect pilot data to map the neurocircuitry of CES interaction, and (4) translate this approach to the study of psychopathology. To pursue these aims we propose specific steps towards network building (to create a multidisciplinary team and context for training translational scientists), paradigm development (to create novel experimental approaches), pilot experiments (to begin mapping the CES neurocircuitry), and translation to clinical relevance (by applying the models to psychiatric disorders, starting with PTSD). Three pilot experiments will utilize emotional (social stress), somatic (elevating cortisol) and cognitive manipulations, evaluating impacts in the domains of stimulus appraisal and decision making using neuroanatomical (fMRI), behavioral, and neuroendocrine outcome measures. These experiments will begin mapping CES neurocircuitry, probing interactions between and within prefrontal cortical regions (like cingulate and dorsomedial gyri, insula) and limbic structures (like amygdala, hippocampus, ventral caudate), and facilitate further paradigm development. The collaborative environment and multidisciplinary team will foster translational behavioral science mental health research, developing new paradigms and collecting preliminary data on CES interaction that shape behavior and contribute to psychopathology. It will provide a foundation for larger translational science projects and a context for training the translational scientists of the future.