Audiovisual Speech Integration in Children with ASD

自闭症儿童的视听言语整合

• 批准号: 7152043
• 负责人: Julia Irwin
• 金额: $ 8.19万
• 依托单位: HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7152043
• 关键词: children; clinical research; face; speech

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) refer to a continuum of severe neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in communication, social reciprocity and the presence of restricted, repetitive behaviors. For typical listeners, visual information from a speaker's face influences what is heard. Individuals with ASD show reduced social gaze to faces, which suggests that much information about visual speech is lost in this population. Accordingly, children and adolescents with ASD appear to be less susceptible to visual speech information. The goal of this project is to examine sensitivity to visual speech information in high-functioning, verbal children with ASD. This application uses innovative visual tracking methodology to (1) evaluate the degree to which children with ASD integrate audiovisual (AV) speech in comparison to typically developing (TD) controls in clear and noisy listening conditions, (2) examine ASD and TD perceivers' ability to detect asynchrony in AV speech, which is related to AV integration in typical perceivers, and (3) assess the gaze behavior of ASD and TD perceivers to a speaker's face. Limitations in productive language and difficulty with social interaction in low-functioning, non-verbal children with ASD have led to their under-representation in perceptual studies of speech. Thus, an additional goal of this application is to develop a training procedure for low-functioning, nonverbal children with ASD and younger TD children that will allow for their participation in perceptual studies of auditory and AV speech. RELEVANCE: The careful evaluation of sensitivity to visual information for speech has important practical and theoretical implications for the understanding of perceptual processing of speech in high-functioning children with ASD, including in (1) the identification and characterization of AV integration deficits and (2) the design of targeted interventions. Further, the development of a training procedure for non-verbal low-functioning children with ASD and for younger, TD children will allow for greater understanding of perceptual processing of speech in non-verbal children and serve as a model for future intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是指一系列严重的神经精神疾病，其特征是沟通、社会互惠和存在受限、重复行为的缺陷。对于典型的听众来说，说话者面部的视觉信息会影响听到的内容。患有自闭症谱系障碍的人对面部的社交注视减少，这表明该人群丢失了许多有关视觉言语的信息。因此，患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和青少年似乎不太容易受到视觉言语信息的影响。该项目的目标是检查患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的高功能语言儿童对视觉言语信息的敏感性。该应用程序使用创新的视觉跟踪方法来（1）评估 ASD 儿童在清晰和嘈杂的聆听条件下与典型发育中的（TD）对照相比整合视听（AV）语音的程度，（2）检查 ASD 和 TD 感知者检测 AV 语音异步的能力，这与典型感知者的 AV 整合有关，以及（3）评估 ASD 和 TD 感知者的注视行为 说话者的脸。患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的低功能、非语言儿童的生产性语言的局限性和社交互动的困难导致他们在言语知觉研究中的代表性不足。因此，该应用程序的另一个目标是为功能低下、无语言的 ASD 儿童和年龄较小的 TD 儿童开发一个训练程序，使他们能够参与听觉和 AV 言语的感知研究。相关性：仔细评估言语视觉信息的敏感性对于理解高功能 ASD 儿童的言语感知处理具有重要的实践和理论意义，包括 (1) AV 整合缺陷的识别和表征以及 (2) 有针对性的干预措施的设计。此外，为患有 ASD 的非语言低功能儿童和年龄较小的 TD 儿童开发培训程序，将有助于更好地理解非语言儿童的言语感知处理，并作为未来干预的模型。