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Audiovisual Speech Integration in Children with ASD

自闭症儿童视听言语整合

基本信息

批准号：
7475076
负责人：
Julia Irwin
金额：
$ 8.14万
依托单位：
HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-09-01 至 2010-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) refer to a continuum of severe neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in communication, social reciprocity and the presence of restricted, repetitive behaviors. For typical listeners, visual information from a speaker's face influences what is heard. Individuals with ASD show reduced social gaze to faces, which suggests that much information about visual speech is lost in this population. Accordingly, children and adolescents with ASD appear to be less susceptible to visual speech information. The goal of this project is to examine sensitivity to visual speech information in high-functioning, verbal children with ASD. This application uses innovative visual tracking methodology to (1) evaluate the degree to which children with ASD integrate audiovisual (AV) speech in comparison to typically developing (TD) controls in clear and noisy listening conditions, (2) examine ASD and TD perceivers' ability to detect asynchrony in AV speech, which is related to AV integration in typical perceivers, and (3) assess the gaze behavior of ASD and TD perceivers to a speaker's face. Limitations in productive language and difficulty with social interaction in low-functioning, non-verbal children with ASD have led to their under-representation in perceptual studies of speech. Thus, an additional goal of this application is to develop a training procedure for low-functioning, nonverbal children with ASD and younger TD children that will allow for their participation in perceptual studies of auditory and AV speech. RELEVANCE: The careful evaluation of sensitivity to visual information for speech has important practical and theoretical implications for the understanding of perceptual processing of speech in high-functioning children with ASD, including in (1) the identification and characterization of AV integration deficits and (2) the design of targeted interventions. Further, the development of a training procedure for non-verbal low-functioning children with ASD and for younger, TD children will allow for greater understanding of perceptual processing of speech in non-verbal children and serve as a model for future intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是指一系列严重的神经精神障碍，其特征是沟通、社会互惠和存在限制性重复行为的缺陷。对于典型的听众来说，来自说话者面部的视觉信息会影响所听到的内容。患有ASD的人对面部的社会注视减少，这表明在这个人群中丢失了很多关于视觉语言的信息。因此，患有ASD的儿童和青少年似乎对视觉言语信息不太敏感。这个项目的目标是检查高功能，语言与ASD儿童的视觉言语信息的敏感性。本申请使用创新的视觉跟踪方法来（1）评估与在清晰和嘈杂的听力条件下的典型发育（TD）控制相比，患有ASD的儿童整合视听（AV）语音的程度，（2）检查ASD和TD感知者检测AV语音中的模糊的能力，这与典型感知者中的AV整合有关，以及（3）评估ASD和TD感知者对说话者面部的注视行为。在生产性语言的限制和社会交往的困难，在低功能，非言语自闭症儿童导致他们的代表性不足的知觉研究的讲话。因此，本申请的另一个目标是为患有ASD的低功能非语言儿童和年幼TD儿童开发一种训练程序，使他们能够参与听觉和AV语音的感知研究。相关性：对言语视觉信息敏感性的仔细评估对于理解高功能ASD儿童的言语感知处理具有重要的实践和理论意义，包括（1）AV整合缺陷的识别和表征以及（2）有针对性的干预措施的设计。此外，非语言的低功能ASD儿童和年幼的TD儿童的训练程序的发展将允许更好地理解非语言儿童的语音感知处理，并作为未来干预的模型。