Neurobiological signatures of audiovisual speech perception in children in ASD

自闭症儿童视听言语感知的神经生物学特征

• 批准号: 8284319
• 负责人: Julia Irwin
• 金额: $ 21.79万
• 依托单位: HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8284319
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; American Psychiatric Association; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Biological Markers; Brain; Child; Cognitive; Communication; Control Groups; Cues; Data; Development; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early identification; Electroencephalography; Event-Related Potentials; Exhibits; Eye; Face; Face Processing; Hearing; Heterogeneity; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Language Disorders; Lead; Life; Linguistics; Measures; Mediating; Methodology; Nature; Neurobiology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Noise; Oral cavity; Outcome; Painless; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Population; Process; Production; Relative (related person); Reliance; Research; Risk; Severities; Signal Transduction; Social Development; Social Functioning; Social Perception; Social Problems; Source; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Targeted Research; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Work; autism spectrum disorder; base; comparison group; design; gaze; high risk; improved; infancy; novel; post intervention; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skills; social; social reciprocity; speech processing; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Deficits in language skill can be severely limiting for an individual with an autism spectrum disorder, creating barriers in cognitive and social development and in long-term outcomes, such as the ability to live independently. This project directly addresses a critical problem in the study of autism spectrum disorders (ASD); heterogeneity in language functioning. We propose to study the neural response associated with perception of auditory and audiovisual speech in children with ASD. To do this, we will pair EEG/ERP and eye- tracking technology to collect perceptual data to identify biomarkers associated with language outcome. In addition, we will include a novel control group of children with disorders in spoken language. Children with disorders in spoken language share deficits in language with children with ASD, but do not exhibit primary deficits in social reciprocity. Thus, this comparison will allow us to tease apart the contribution of linguistic and social factors to problems in language functioning in children with ASD. Further, using a single-subject design, we will pilot a focused speech perception training to assess the efficacy of this approach for improving perception of auditory and audiovisual speech in children with ASD. Identifying the underlying biomarkers of speech perception will significantly further our scientific knowledge about the causes of language deficits in ASD and contribute to the objectives of the IACC Strategic Plan for ASD Research by targeting identification of biomarkers in language functioning for affected individuals across the autism spectrum. Specifically, this work will 1) address how speech processing correlates with the range of language functioning in ASD (heterogeneity), 2) lead to development of a tool that may result in early identification of children with ASD at greatest risk for significant language deficits (earlier detection) and 3) evaluate an intervention explicitly designed to train auditory and audiovisual perceptual skills in children with ASD (development of targeted interventions).

描述（由申请人提供）：语言技能缺陷可能严重限制自闭症谱系障碍患者的能力，在认知和社会发展以及长期后果（如独立生活的能力）方面造成障碍。该项目直接解决了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）研究中的一个关键问题；语言功能的异质性。我们建议研究与ASD儿童听觉和视听语言感知相关的神经反应。为此，我们将配对EEG/ERP和眼动追踪技术来收集感知数据，以识别与语言结果相关的生物标志物。此外，我们将包括一个新的对照组的儿童在口语障碍。口语障碍儿童与ASD儿童在语言方面有共同的缺陷，但在社会互惠方面没有表现出主要的缺陷。因此，这种比较将使我们能够梳理出语言和社会因素对自闭症儿童语言功能问题的影响。此外，采用单受试者设计，我们将试点集中的语音感知训练，以评估该方法对改善ASD儿童听觉和视听语音感知的效果。识别言语感知的潜在生物标志物将极大地促进我们对ASD语言缺陷原因的科学认识，并通过针对自闭症谱系中受影响个体的语言功能生物标志物的识别，为IACC ASD研究战略计划的目标做出贡献。具体来说，这项工作将1)解决语音处理如何与ASD的语言功能范围相关（异质性），2)导致开发一种工具，可能导致早期识别ASD儿童的重大语言缺陷风险最大（早期检测），以及3)评估明确设计的干预措施，以训练ASD儿童的听觉和视听感知技能（有针对性的干预措施的发展）。