Population-level Analyses of Multi-drug Comsumption

多种药物消费的人群水平分析

• 批准号: 7094048
• 负责人: SIDDHARTH CHANDRA
• 金额: $ 13.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-20 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7094048
• 关键词: Cannabis; alcohols; behavior; drug abuse; opiate alkaloid

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): NIDA defines its role in terms of reducing the harm caused by drug abuse. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that contribute to reductions in the consumption of these substances, both behavioral and biological, and at both the individual and population levels. Unfortunately, very little is known today about the simultaneous consumption at the population level of multiple psychoactive substances, such as cannabinoids and opiates; one or both sets of substances are illegal in the U.S.A. and the rest of the world, making reliable consumption and related data at the population level impossible to collect and analyze. In this context, the broad goal of this project is to explore and fill this gap. Specifically, the aim of this project is to significantly advance our knowledge of the behavior of multiple drug-consuming populations with a series of analyses using a unique recently-discovered and extraordinarily rich and reliable dataset on the consumption of multiple addictive substances collected at a time when the consumption of these substances was legal. The dataset will contain annual population-level statistics for over fifty districts from British India over a three-decade period in the early 20th century on the consumption and prices of alcohol (in multiple forms/strengths), opium, and cannabis (in multiple forms, namely charas (hashish), ganja, and bhang (straight leaf)). Corresponding information on wages, the cost of living, taxation and a variety of other pertinent economic and non-economic information will also be collected and entered. This unique dataset will enable the pursuit of at least six specific aims, including analyses of (i) the addictiveness (using economic models of addiction) of each of these substances in a multi-substance setting using legal data, (ii) substitution and complementarity of all of these substances (including their various forms, as in marijuana and alcohol, and their various strengths, as in alcohol) with one another, (iii) the price sensitivity at the population level of marijuana, alcohol, and opium consumption in the presence of different forms and strengths of the same and other substances, (iv) the analysis of differential behavior depending on the strength of some of these substances (such as alcohol based on alcohol content and cannabinoids based on form, each of which has a different potency (i.e., charas vs. ganja vs. bhang)), (v) whether the consumption of one or more substances or forms of substances tends to systematically precede in time the consumption of one or more of the other substances or forms of substances, and (vi) the interrelationships of the multiple substances in their various strengths and forms ((ii) and (v) above) as a system with characteristics informed by graph theory. The body of knowledge generated by these analyses will significantly advance drug research by informing strategies for reducing the harm caused by drug consumption.

描述（由申请人提供）：NIDA定义其在减少药物滥用造成的危害方面的作用。为了实现这一目标，有必要了解有助于减少这些物质消费的机制，包括行为和生物两方面，以及在个人和群体两个层面。不幸的是，今天人们对同时消费多种精神活性物质（如大麻素和阿片类药物）的情况知之甚少;在美国和世界其他地区，一种或两种物质都是非法的，因此无法收集和分析人口水平的可靠消费和相关数据。在这种背景下，该项目的总体目标是探索和填补这一空白。具体而言，该项目的目的是通过一系列分析，大大提高我们对多种毒品消费人群行为的认识，这些分析使用了一个独特的、最近发现的、非常丰富和可靠的数据集，这些数据集是在消费这些物质是法律的时收集的。该数据集将包含20世纪初30年来英属印度50多个地区的年度人口水平统计数据，包括酒精（多种形式/强度）、鸦片和大麻（多种形式，即大麻、大麻和直叶）的消费和价格。还将收集和输入有关工资、生活费用、税收的相应信息以及各种其他相关的经济和非经济信息。这个独特的数据集将使追求至少六个具体目标，包括分析（i）成瘾性（使用成瘾的经济模型）在使用法律的数据的多物质环境中，（ii）所有这些物质的替代和互补（包括它们的各种形式，如大麻和酒精，以及它们的各种强度，如酒精），（iii）大麻在人口水平上的价格敏感性，酒精和在不同形式和强度的相同物质和其它物质存在下的鸦片消费，（iv）取决于这些物质中的一些的强度的不同行为的分析（例如基于酒精含量的酒精和基于形式的大麻素，它们中的每一种具有不同的效力（即，charas vs. ganja vs. bhang）），（v）一种或多种物质或物质形式的消费是否倾向于在时间上系统地先于一种或多种其他物质或物质形式的消费，以及（vi）多种物质以其各种强度和形式（上述（ii）和（v））作为具有由图论告知的特征的系统的相互关系。这些分析产生的知识体系将通过为减少毒品消费造成的危害的战略提供信息，大大推动毒品研究。