AMINERGIC MODULATION UNDERLYING OLFACTORY PLASTICITY

嗅觉可塑性背后的胺能调节

• 批准号: 7173901
• 负责人: ALAN J NIGHORN
• 金额: $ 27.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7173901
• 关键词: Adaptive Behaviors; Affect; Amines; Anatomy; Animals; Association Learning; Bees; Behavior; Behavioral; Biogenic Amines; Biogenic Monoamines; Biological Assay; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain region; Chemicals; Chemistry; Circadian Rhythms; Code; Complex; Computer information processing; Condition; Conditioned Stimulus; Coupled; Cues; Depth; Development; Discrimination Learning; Dopamine; Ecology; Environment; Esthesia; Exhibits; Extinction (Psychology); Foundations; Goals; Histamine; Honey; Immune Sera; Injection of therapeutic agent; Insecta; Interneurons; Invertebrates; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Lobe; Localized; Manduca; Manduca sexta; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Moths; Nature; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neuropharmacology; Neuropil; Neurotransmitters; Numbers; Octopamine; Odors; Olfactory Learning; Olfactory Pathways; Pattern; Performance; Play; Preparation; Process; Property; Protocols documentation; Psychodinae; Range; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Retrieval; Rewards; Role; Sensory; Serotonin; Signal Transduction; Staging; Staining method; Stains; Stimulus; Synapses; System; Testing; Training; Vertebrates; Work; analog; base; classical conditioning; conditioning; experience; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; insight; interdisciplinary approach; network models; neural circuit; neuromechanism; olfactory bulb; olfactory stimulus; relating to nervous system; research study; response; spatiotemporal; sphinx moth

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Primary sensory neuropils perform the initial decomposition of complex sensory signals in the environment. Beyond this basic function, sensory circuits also must discriminate perceptual objects under a wide range of different ambient conditions, including situations that may involve the formation of learned associations with other sensory cues. We need a more thorough understanding of how sensory networks are modulated by inputs from other brain regions in order to gain better insight into the mechanisms that help stabilize internal perceptual states in the brain. A deeper analysis of sensory-circuit plasticity is crucial for the development of more effective therapies for sensory brain disorders and treatments for the aberrant sensations that often accompany mental illness. Using the olfactory system of an experimentally favorable model, Manduca Sexta, we now have evidence that a learning-based reorganization of odor-evoked network responses takes place in the antennal lobe, the structural and functional analog of the mammalian olfactory bulb. What mechanisms underlie this unexpected network plasticity in the pdmary olfactory center? In order to understand the nature of this modulation, research must be focused on the structural and functional organization of the olfactory circuits that exhibit these changes, and more must be learned about the complex interplay among multiple neurotransmitter systems that helps to reshape the spatiotemporal representations of olfactory stimuli with experience. In Manduca, four candidate amine transmitters have been localized to separate neurons in the glomeruli of the antennal lobe, making this an ideal system to examine the modulatory roles of biogenic amines in olfactory-information coding. This project will build on a strong foundation of experience with this experimentally-favorable model and will seek to characterize the regulatory roles of aminergic modulation in reshaping odor representations during olfactory conditioning. We will employ a strongly multidisciplinary approach, combining single-unit and neural-ensemble recording & anatomy with neuropharmacology and behavioral bioassays to study the roles of amines in regulating the formation, storage, and recall of offactory memories during the conditioning process. Our understanding of the functional meaning of plasticity in early olfactory processing is still rudimentary, and the proposed studies aim to test the hypothesis that centrifugal aminergic modulation plays a key role in olfactory plasticity and the regulation of adaptive behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：主要感觉神经膜在环境中执行复杂感觉信号的初始分解。除了这个基本功能之外，感觉电路还必须在各种不同的环境条件下区分感知对象，包括可能涉及与其他感觉提示形成关联的情况。我们需要更透彻地了解其他大脑区域的输入如何调节感觉网络，以便更好地了解有助于稳定大脑内部知觉状态的机制。对感觉循环可塑性的更深入分析对于开发具有更有效的脑部疾病和治疗疗法的疗法至关重要。使用实验上有利模型的嗅觉系统Manduca Sexta，我们现在有证据表明，基于学习的气味诱发的网络响应的重组发生在触角叶（哺乳动物嗅觉的结构和功能类似）中。在PDMary嗅觉中心，这种意外的网络可塑性是哪些机制？ 为了理解这种调节的性质，必须将研究集中在嗅觉电路的结构和功能组织上，这些电路表现出这些变化，并且必须了解更多有关多种神经递质系统之间复杂相互作用的信息，以帮助重塑经验丰富的嗅觉刺激的时空表示。 在曼杜卡（Manduca）中，四个候选胺发送器被定位为触角叶肾小球中的神经元分离，这使得这是检查生物胺在嗅觉信息编码中的调节作用的理想系统。该项目将基于该实验上有利的模型的强大经验基础，并将试图表征AMINEGIC调制在重塑嗅觉调节过程中的气味表达中的调节作用。我们将采用一种强烈的多学科方法，将单单元和神经元素记录和解剖结合与神经药理学和行为生物测定相结合，以研究胺在调节调节过程中的形成，储存和召回不足记忆中的作用。我们对早期嗅觉加工中可塑性功能含义的理解仍然是基本的，拟议的研究旨在检验以下假设：离心AMINEGIC调节在嗅觉可塑性和适应性行为的调节中起关键作用。