Effects of early lesion on language and gesture comprehension: An fMRI study.

早期病变对语言和手势理解的影响：功能磁共振成像研究。

• 批准号: 7408701
• 负责人: Anthony Steven Dick
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7408701
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Area; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Characteristics; Child; Cognitive; Communication; Comprehension; Computer information processing; Condition; Consensus; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Elements; Foxes; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Gestures; Goals; Hand; Handedness; Human; Image; Image Analysis; Individual; Infarction; Injury; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Language; Language Development; Left; Lesion; Link; Lip structure; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Neural Pathways; Neuroanatomy; Neurobiology; Oral cavity; Outcome; Pattern; Perception; Physiological; Population; Process; Production; Property; Public Health; Recovery; Research; Resistance; Role; Semantics; Siblings; Site; Speech; Speech Perception; Structure; System; Time; Visual; Wood material; Work; behavior measurement; improved; injured; innovation; language processing; network models; neuromechanism; oral motor; perinatal stroke; post stroke; prenatal; relating to nervous system; size; skills; theories; visual information

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The use of language and symbolic gesture are uniquely human capacities that allow people to communicate with each other. Despite the centrality of these capacities to human communication, there is no consensus concerning how language and gesture are organized in the brain or how they might reorganize following early brain injury. This application will use functional MRI to examine the systems-level functional neuroanatomy of language and gesture comprehension in individuals with prenatal or perinatal stroke, and their typically developing siblings. We will investigate how factors, such as lesion laterality and site, type, and size, affect the organization of language and gesture systems. To achieve these goals, we will not only take advantage of conventional methods of fMRI analysis, but will also use advanced methods of analysis of functional MRI data, which will allow us to focus on the organization of distributed networks following injury. This represents a departure from prior research, where the focus is on individual brain regions or differences in lateralization of language function. This study has several theoretical and applied implications directly relevant to public health. The investigation of developmental outcomes of early lesion will answer questions about the stability of functional deficits over time, and about the ways in which the human brain reacts to early damage. Information about how the brain organizes following early damage can inform future research, intervention, and treatment efforts. The study also attempts to answer the call for innovative research strategies by applying advanced methods of fMRI data analysis to populations with brain injury.

描述(申请人提供)：语言和象征性手势的使用是人类独有的能力，使人们能够相互交流。尽管这些能力在人类交流中起着中心作用，但关于语言和手势在大脑中是如何组织的，或者它们在早期脑损伤后可能如何重组，目前还没有达成共识。这项应用将使用功能磁共振成像来检查产前或围产期中风患者及其典型发育中的兄弟姐妹的语言和手势理解的系统级功能神经解剖学。我们将研究诸如病变的偏侧性和部位、类型和大小等因素如何影响语言和手势系统的组织。为了实现这些目标，我们不仅将利用传统的功能磁共振分析方法，还将使用先进的功能磁共振数据分析方法，这将使我们能够专注于损伤后分布式网络的组织。这与之前的研究有所不同，之前的研究关注的是个别大脑区域或语言功能偏侧化的差异。这项研究具有几个与公共卫生直接相关的理论和应用意义。对早期损伤的发育结果的调查将回答有关功能缺陷随时间的稳定性以及人类大脑对早期损伤的反应方式的问题。有关早期损伤后大脑如何组织的信息可以为未来的研究、干预和治疗努力提供信息。这项研究还试图通过将先进的功能磁共振数据分析方法应用于脑损伤人群，来响应对创新研究策略的呼吁。