Early childhood behavioral and neurobiological profiles in the prediction of obesity: The role of self-regulation and the caregiving environment

早期儿童行为和神经生物学特征在肥胖预测中的作用：自我调节和护理环境的作用

• 批准号: 9788438
• 负责人: Anthony Steven Dick
• 金额: $ 43.95万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-20 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788438
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Affective; Age; Ancillary Study; Area; Arousal; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autonomic nervous system; Award; Behavioral; Body Composition; Body fat; Body mass index; Brain region; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cessation of life; Child; Child Rearing; Clinical; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Data Collection; Development; Diet Habits; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotional; Energy Intake; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Food; Food Preferences; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Habits; Health; Hispanics; Home environment; Hyperphagia; Hypertension; Individual; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Latino; Learning; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Minority Groups; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Nature; Nervous system structure; Neurobiology; Neuropsychology; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nucleus Accumbens; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Phenotype; Physical activity; Prevalence; Process; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; School-Age Population; Short-Term Memory; Stress; Teenagers; Time; Weight; Work; base; behavior measurement; caregiving; early childhood; emerging adult; emotion regulation; energy balance; ethnic minority population; executive function; experience; feeding; flexibility; high risk population; individual variation; multidisciplinary; neuroimaging; nutrition; obesity development; obesity in children; obesogenic; peer; physical conditioning; premature; psychosocial; reward processing; sex; social; societal costs

Project Summary While the prevalence rates of pediatric obesity have plateaued in recent years, a staggering 35% of school age children remain classified as overweight or obese. Children from ethnic minority groups are at an even greater risk, with nearly 40% of Latino children so-classified by age 6. The physical and mental health risks and societal costs associated with pediatric obesity are well established. It is thus crucial for research efforts to focus on understanding early behavioral phenotypes that can explain individual variability in children’s regulation of energy balance and subsequent weight trajectory. Researchers have documented self-regulation (SR) and poor executive function (EF) as important mechanisms for understanding the development of pediatric obesity, as well as its shared co-morbidities with other mental health disorders (e.g., Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD]). Poor executive function (EF), emotion regulation and reactivity (ER), and reward sensitivity (RS) have variously emerged as critical underlying processes in terms of contributing to overeating and food preferences. However, there is a lack of 1) integration of these SR processes when examining weight outcomes, 2) longitudinal studies, which are needed to disentangle whether potential SR deficits are risk factors for the development of obesity or a consequence of it, 3) comprehensive measurement of these SR processes in terms of integrating behavioral measures, neuropsychological, and neurobiological markers, 4) studies examining the predictive association of SR processes as they relate to observed obesogenic mechanisms (e.g., SR of energy intake, healthy- habits) and 5) how environmental factors (e.g., parenting, home environment) can contribute to and moderate the link between SR phenotypes and weight outcomes. Consistent with PAR-18-105, we leverage the ongoing data collection as part of award R01MH112588 (PIs Graziano and Dick), which is measuring young children’s (ages 4 to 6) SR processes (EF, ER, and RS) at a behavioral, neuropsychological, and neurobiological level using MRI. The proposed ancillary study (n = 288) examines how SR phenotypes predict obesogenic mechanisms and subsequent obesity-related trajectories. The proposed sample offers a unique opportunity to examine health outcomes within a typically understudied, yet high-risk population for obesity (i.e., Hispanic/Latino) along with inclusion of a clinical group (i.e., children with ADHD).

项目摘要 虽然近年来儿童肥胖症的患病率已趋于稳定， 35%的学龄儿童仍然被归类为超重或肥胖。儿童 来自少数民族群体的风险更大，近40%的拉丁裔儿童 6岁时被归类为这样。身心健康风险及相关社会成本 与儿童肥胖症的关系已经很明确了因此，研究工作的重点是 了解早期行为表型，可以解释个体差异， 儿童的能量平衡和随后的体重轨迹的调节。研究人员 有记录的自我调节（SR）和执行功能差（EF）是重要的 了解儿童肥胖症的发展机制，以及其共同的 与其他精神健康障碍的共病（例如，注意力缺陷/多动 障碍[ADHD]）。执行功能（EF）、情绪调节和反应性（ER）差， 和奖励敏感性（RS）已经不同程度地成为关键的潜在过程， 导致暴饮暴食和食物偏好。但是，缺少1） 当检查体重结果时，这些SR过程的整合，2）纵向 研究，需要解开潜在的SR缺陷是否是风险因素， 肥胖的发展或其后果，3）全面测量 这些SR过程在整合行为测量，神经心理学， 神经生物学标记物，4）检查SR过程的预测关联的研究 因为它们涉及观察到的致肥胖机制（例如，能量摄入的SR，健康- 习惯）和5）环境因素（例如，家庭环境）可以 有助于和缓和SR表型和体重结果之间的联系。 与PAR-18-105一致，我们利用正在进行的数据收集作为奖励的一部分 R 01 MH 112588（PI Graziano和Dick），用于测量幼儿（4岁至 6)SR过程（EF，ER和RS）在行为，神经心理和 神经生物学水平。拟议的辅助研究（n = 288）检查了SR如何 表型预测肥胖发生机制和随后的肥胖相关轨迹。 拟议的样本提供了一个独特的机会，检查健康结果内， 通常未被充分研究，但肥胖的高风险人群（即，西班牙裔/拉丁裔）沿着 包括临床组（即，ADHD儿童）。