Brain-Based Treatment--Impaired Cognition Schizophrenia

基于脑的治疗--认知障碍精神分裂症

• 批准号: 7161299
• 负责人: Cameron S. Carter
• 金额: $ 15.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-05 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7161299
• 关键词: cognition disorders; meeting /conference /symposium; mental disorder chemotherapy; neuroimaging; neuropharmacology; psychometrics; schizophrenia; travel

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past decade there has been a growing awareness of the treatment refractory cognitive deficits that are present in schizophrenia and strongly and consistently related to poor functional outcome and behavioral disorganization. This has been accompanied by an increasing emphasis on the importance of developing new treatments that may positively impact these deficits, culminating in the recent MATRICS meetings. Over this same period there has been an explosion of technical advances and new knowledge regarding the neural basis of cognition. Converging data from animal and human research has led to an unparalleled expansion of knowledge of the mechanisms of normal cognition and its underlying neuropharmacology, and cognition related brain activity in humans may now readily be obtained using measures such as functional MRI. The application of this cutting edge knowledge and technology to new drug development has lagged significantly behind the overall progress in the field. Generally, the methodology for measuring the effects of drugs on cognition in schizophrenia has relied on measures from clinical neuropsychology whose development pre-dates the cognitive neuroscience era. During the final, "new approaches" MATRICS meeting it was broadly agreed that the major barrier to bridging the gulf between the new neuroscience and drug development is a lack of data on the measurement properties of the behavioral tasks used in cognitive neuroscience. In this R13 application we propose to maintain the momentum created by the MATRICS New Approaches meeting and take a step closer to a brain based approach to measuring the effects of treatments on impaired cognition in schizophrenia. To accomplish this goal we organize three conferences over an 18 month period. The first conference will develop a consensus on the key component processes related to a subset of the higher cognitive functions that are affected in schizophrenia, related to poor outcome and measurable in animal models. The second conference will clarify the psychometric issues relevant to translating tasks from cognitive psychology and neuroscience into useful measures for drug development, and establish benchmarks against which the psychometric properties of candidate tasks can be compared. The third meeting will develop a set of candidate tasks which measure key component processes of the cognitive systems impaired in schizophrenia which 1) can be linked to animal models and 2) are amenable to incorporation into neuroimaging studies of the underlying brain circuitry. These meetings and their published products will take the field a step closer to having a new set of brain based tools that can be used at both early and later stages of the drug development process to enhance the translation of new knowledge regarding the neuroscience of cognition into effective treatments for cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的十年中，人们对精神分裂症中存在的难治性认知缺陷的认识越来越多，并且与功能不良和行为混乱的差异很强。这伴随着越来越强调开发新的治疗方法的重要性，这些新疗法可能会对这些赤字产生积极影响，最终在最近的矩阵会议上达到顶峰。在同一时期，有关认知神经基础的技术进步和新知识爆炸了。来自动物和人类研究的收敛数据导致对正常认知机制及其潜在的神经药理学的知识的扩展无与伦比，现在可以使用功能性MRI等措施轻松地获得人类认知相关的大脑活动。这种尖端知识和技术在新药开发中的应用已显着落后于该领域的整体进展。通常，测量药物对精神分裂症认知作用的方法的方法依赖于临床神经心理学的措施，这些神经心理学的发展是早期的认知神经科学时代。在决赛，“新方法”基本会议上，人们普遍同意，在新的神经科学和药物开发之间弥合海湾的主要障碍是缺乏有关认知神经科学中使用的行为任务的测量特性的数据。在此R13应用中，我们建议维持由Matrics新方法所产生的动力，并更接近基于大脑的方法来衡量治疗对精神分裂症认知受损的影响。为了实现这一目标，我们在18个月内组织了三场会议。第一次会议将对与精神分裂症影响的较高认知功能相关的关键组成过程达成共识，这与动物模型中的结果不佳和可测量有关。第二次会议将阐明与将认知心理学和神经科学的任务转化为药物开发的有用措施相关的心理测量问题，并建立基准可以比较候选任务的心理测量特性。第三次会议将开发一组候选任务，这些任务衡量精神分裂症中认知系统的关键成分过程，其中1）可以与动物模型联系起来，2）可以纳入对基础脑电路的神经影像学研究。这些会议及其发布的产品将使该领域更接近拥有一套新的基于大脑的工具，这些工具可以在药物开发过程的早期和后期使用，以增强有关认知神经科学的新知识的翻译，这些知识将认知神经科学转化为Schizophrenia认知障碍的有效治疗方法。