Memory Processing in Primates and Avians

灵长类动物和鸟类的记忆处理

• 批准号: 7408950
• 负责人: ANTHONY A WRIGHT
• 金额: $ 2.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7408950
• 关键词: Animals; Auditory; Back; Behavioral; Birds; Columbidae; Conflict (Psychology); Human; Learning; Left; Length; Location; Macaca mulatta; Memory; Monkeys; Numbers; Performance; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Process; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Short-Term Memory; Slide; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Training; Travel; Visual; cohort; design; experience; memory process; neurophysiology; programs; research study; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Underlying mechanisms of memory will be investigated in two standard laboratory species, rhesus monkeys (6) and pigeons (18), which have demonstrated their ability to accurately perform list-memory tasks and are well suited to this memory research. Interference has been demonstrated to be a (the) major determinant of memory. Interference will be manipulated in single-item (same/different) memory tasks to determine how interference from previous trials degrades memory and how subjects develop memory strategies to deal effectively with this interference. Among the manipulations will be: stimulus (pictures) set size (for interference), locus of interference, observing responses (for attention), memory retention delay (0-20s for pigeons, 0-30s for monkeys), and trial spacing. New tests have been developed to measure the effect of interference and explore whether subjects' learn to deal more effectively with this interference. These results will bear upon the issues of familiarity/automatic versus identity/controlled memory processing in animals. Subjects will then be trained and tested in multiple-item list memory tasks (1-4 items). Similar manipulations will investigate how interference from previous lists determines the shape of the serial position function. Other manipulations (item presentation time, time between items, number of list items) will investigate how interference among list items determines the shape of the serial position function. These results should reveal which aspects of interference are under strategic subject control and which aspects are fixed and automatic. Findings should bear upon general processes of visual memory that are shared among such diverse species as avians and primates.

描述（由申请人提供）：记忆的潜在机制将在两个标准的实验室物种中进行研究，恒河猴(6)和鸽子（18），它们已经证明了它们准确执行列表记忆任务的能力，并且非常适合这项记忆研究。干扰已被证明是记忆的主要决定因素。干扰将在单项目（相同/不同）记忆任务中被操纵，以确定先前试验的干扰如何降低记忆，以及受试者如何制定记忆策略来有效地处理这种干扰。这些操作包括：刺激（图片）集合大小（干扰）、干扰轨迹、观察反应（注意）、记忆保持延迟（鸽子0-20秒，猴子0-30秒）和试验间隔。新的测试已经开发出来，以测量干扰的影响，并探索受试者是否学会更有效地处理这种干扰。这些结果将对动物的熟悉/自动与身份/控制记忆加工的问题产生影响。然后，受试者将接受多项记忆任务（1-4项）的训练和测试。类似的操作将研究来自先前列表的干扰如何决定序列位置函数的形状。其他操作（项目呈现时间、项目之间的时间、列表项目的数量）将研究列表项目之间的干扰如何决定序列位置函数的形状。这些结果应该揭示哪些方面的干扰是受战略主体控制的，哪些方面是固定的和自动的。研究结果应该与视觉记忆的一般过程有关，这些过程在鸟类和灵长类动物等不同物种中是共同的。