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Large-scale structure of Earth's magnetosphere

地球磁层的大尺度结构

基本信息

批准号：
2890595
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2023 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2890595
关键词：
Large scale structure Earth magnetosphere

项目摘要

The Earth's magnetic field forms a cavity in the solar wind called the magnetosphere; the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere is ultimately responsible for the dynamics of near-Earth space, including variations in the intensity of the radiation belts and the most spectacular displays of the aurora (the northern and southern lights). The nature of these interactions depends on the orientation of the magnetic field associated with the solar wind (the interplanetary magnetic field, or IMF); a "southward" orientation of the IMF (opposite to the Earth's magnetic field) is preferential for many magnetospheric processes, but the IMF direction is highly variable, and the dynamics of the magnetosphere under northward IMF conditions are, in comparison, poorly understood. Study of the large-scale structure and dynamics of the magnetosphere is highly timely, given the upcoming joint European/Chinese mission SMILE (Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionospheric Link Explorer, expected to launch in 2025). This project will use a combination of space-based observations (e.g. in situ plasma observations from the Cluster, THEMIS and ARTEMIS missions) and ground-based observations (from ionospheric radars such as the SuperDARN consortium and the European Incoherent Scatter radar, EISCAT) to investigate the large-scale structure of the magnetosphere. Possible topics include: the spatial extent of the magnetospheric "cusps", and how that may depend on solar wind conditions; magnetospheric structure associated with northward IMF conditions; and/or the nature of time-varying magnetic reconnection, which couples the solar wind to the magnetosphere.

地球磁场在太阳风中形成一个空洞，称为磁层；太阳风和磁层之间的相互作用最终导致了近地空间的动力学，包括辐射带强度的变化和极光最壮观的显示(北极光和南极光)。这些相互作用的性质取决于与太阳风有关的磁场(行星际磁场或IMF)的方向；IMF的“南向”方向(与地球磁场相反)对许多磁层过程是有利的，但IMF的方向高度可变，相比之下，人们对向北的IMF条件下磁层的动力学知之甚少。鉴于即将进行的欧洲/中国联合飞行任务SILE(太阳风磁层电离层链接探测器，预计将于2025年发射)，对磁层大尺度结构和动力学的研究非常及时。该项目将结合天基观测(例如来自星团、THEMIS和ARTEMIS飞行任务的就地等离子观测)和地面观测(来自SuperDARN联盟和欧洲非相干散射雷达EISCAT等电离层雷达)来调查磁层的大尺度结构。可能的专题包括：磁层“尖点”的空间范围，以及这可能如何取决于太阳风条件；与向北的国际货币基金组织条件有关的磁层结构；和/或将太阳风与磁层相耦合的时变磁场重联的性质。