Community-level Prevention of Child Abuse & Neglect

社区层面预防虐待儿童

• 批准号: 7210302
• 负责人: BETH Ellen MOLNAR
• 金额: $ 12.74万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-05 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7210302
• 关键词: Abuse Reporting; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adult; Affect; Age; Back; Behavior; Behavioral; Boston; Case Study; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cessation of life; Chicago; Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Development; Child Sexual Abuse; Collection; Communities; Condition; Data; Depth; Development; Economics; Emotional; Epidemic; Epidemiologist; Etiology; Evaluation; Family; Family dynamics; Funding; Health; Homicide; Human Development; Illinois; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Letters; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Neighborhoods; Plant Roots; Population; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention intervention; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Publishing; Rate; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Route; Sampling; Schools; Science; Scientist; Social Change; Specialized Center; Specific qualifier value; Surveys; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Translating; Work; World Health Organization; Youth; abuse neglect; authority; base; behavior influence; child neglect; child protection; child well being; community based participatory research; design; effectiveness trial; efficacy trial; high school; infancy; neglect; prevent; programs; research study; skills; social; violence prevention; young adult; youth violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the U.S., it is estimated that 2.9 million reports of abuse or neglect, representing approximately 5.5 million children, were reported to authorities in 2003; more than 65% were further investigated, resulting in 906,000 substantiated cases. Globally, child abuse & neglect were estimated by the World Health Organization to affect 40 million children under age 15, with 57,000 deaths in 2000 attributed to homicide of children. To date, prevention scientists have made inroads towards family-focused prevention of child abuse and neglect and their associated consequences for child development. Studies have also shown effects that community conditions can have on the health and well being of children and families, dating back several decades. Although many prevention scientists have called for community-level prevention as a strategy to lower rates of child abuse & neglect, few exist; moreover, conceptual frameworks are in their infancy. This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will enable the candidate, a social and psychiatric epidemiologist, to become an independent investigator in prevention science and community- based participatory research. The training components will result in new skills to translate community-level research findings into efficacious preventive interventions, and to conduct effectiveness trials to demonstrate sustained effects on rates of child abuse and neglect as well as on abused or neglected children's emotional and behavioral development. Training will also enable the candidate to effectively work with communities, conducting community-based participatory research to transform neighborhood collective behaviors for the protection of children. Research studies include: (1) Scientific review of community-level child abuse and neglect prevention research and programs; (2) Multi-level study of neighborhood-level collective behaviors associated with reduced abuse/neglect, and determinants of those collective behaviors; (3) Specification of unique neighborhood-level factors associated with lower rates of child sexual abuse and fewer mental disorders among abused youth; and (4) Development and pilot testing of a conceptual framework for community-academic partnerships conducting social transformation interventions that strengthen communities for protection of their children. This work will result in more effective community-level prevention of child abuse and neglect and better emotional/behavioral development of children and adolescents.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，据估计，2003年向当局报告了290万起虐待或忽视儿童的案件，涉及约550万名儿童; 65%以上的案件得到进一步调查，结果有906 000起案件得到证实。据世界卫生组织估计，在全球范围内，虐待和忽视儿童影响到4 000万15岁以下的儿童，2000年有57 000人死于杀害儿童。迄今为止，预防科学家在以家庭为重点预防虐待和忽视儿童及其对儿童发展的相关后果方面取得了进展。研究还表明，社区条件可以对儿童和家庭的健康和福祉产生影响，这种影响可以追溯到几十年前。尽管许多预防科学家呼吁将社区一级的预防作为降低虐待和忽视儿童率的一项战略，但几乎没有;此外，概念框架还处于起步阶段。这个指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01）将使候选人，一个社会和精神病学流行病学家，成为一个独立的调查员在预防科学和以社区为基础的参与性研究。培训内容将产生新的技能，将社区一级的研究结果转化为有效的预防干预措施，并进行有效性试验，以证明对虐待和忽视儿童的比率以及对受虐待或被忽视儿童的情感和行为发展的持续影响。培训还将使候选人能够有效地与社区合作，进行以社区为基础的参与性研究，以改变邻里集体行为，保护儿童。研究包括：（1）对社区一级儿童虐待和忽视预防研究和方案的科学审查;（2）与减少虐待/忽视相关的社区一级集体行为的多层次研究，以及这些集体行为的决定因素;（3）与受虐待青少年中儿童性虐待率较低和精神障碍较少相关的独特社区一级因素的说明;以及（4）制定和试行社区-学术界伙伴关系概念框架，开展社会变革干预措施，加强社区对儿童的保护。这项工作将导致在社区一级更有效地防止虐待和忽视儿童，并促进儿童和青少年的情感/行为发展。