Prenatal cocaine effects on sexual motivation

产前可卡因对性动机的影响

• 批准号: 7256801
• 负责人: Chana K. Akins
• 金额: $ 20.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2009-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7256801
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Affect; Animal Model; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Process; Birds; Brain; Chick Embryo; Cocaine; Cocaine Dependence; Condition; Coturnix japonica; Data; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Dose; Drug Exposure; Drug abuse; Embryo; Exposure to; Female; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Frequencies; Goals; HIV; Health; Hepatitis C; Human; Injection of therapeutic agent; Link; Literature; Maternal Behavior; Methodology; Modeling; Motivation; Motor Activity; Movement; Multiple Partners; Outcome; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Property; Purpose; Quail; Rate; Research; Reserpine; Rewards; Rodent; Rodent Model; Route; Sex Behavior; Sex Characteristics; Site; Staging; System; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Unsafe Sex; addiction; behavior test; behavioral sensitization; cell motility; day; drug of abuse; drug reward; egg; hatching; high risk sexual behavior; male; neurobehavioral; novel strategies; placental transfer; preference; prenatal; prenatal exposure; psychostimulant; research study; reward processing; sex; social; transmission process; zygote

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad, long-term objective of the current application is to develop a novel approach to studying the effects of prenatal drugs of abuse on later drug reward and sexual motivation. The novel approach involves utilizing an avian animal model that is precocial, fast-maturing, allows for control of dose, timing of drug exposure, and avoidance of potentially confounding maternal and/or littermate factors associated with the use of rodents. The specific aims of the current application are to 1) validate the embryonic model by investigating embryotoxic effects of prenatal cocaine, 2) investigate prenatal effects of cocaine on cocaine- induced locomotor activity and cocaine place preference in adult male and female quail, and 3) test prenatal cocaine effects on sexual motivation in sexually mature males. The potential influence of gestational cocaine exposure in altering rewarding properties of psychostimulants is a considerable health concern since there may be an increased liability for addiction to these drugs as a result of prenatal exposure. In addition, gestational cocaine may affect other motivational systems, such as the sexual behavior system. Increased liability for cocaine addiction may also be linked to risky sexual behavior such as a higher frequency of sexual activity, sex with multiple partners, and unprotected sex. These behaviors have been linked to to the transmission of HIV and hepatitis C. The findings that result from this research may contribute information about how prenatal cocaine exposure alters responding to drugs in adulthood and how it may enhance sexual motivation. The methodology includes injecting viable eggs with cocaine during various embryonic stages and then assessing hatchability and motility (movement inside the egg); behavioral tests on the activating effects and rewarding properties of cocaine adult birds; and tests of sexual motivation using a social proximity test.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的广泛、长期目标是开发一种研究产前药物滥用对以后药物奖励和性动机的影响的新方法。该新方法涉及利用早熟、快速成熟的禽类动物模型，允许控制剂量、药物暴露时间，并避免与使用啮齿动物相关的潜在混淆母体和/或同窝出生的因素。本申请的具体目的是1）通过研究产前可卡因的胚胎毒性作用来验证胚胎模型，2）研究可卡因对成年雄性和雌性鹌鹑中可卡因诱导的运动活动和可卡因位置偏好的产前作用，和3）测试产前可卡因对性成熟雄性的性动机的作用。妊娠期可卡因暴露在改变精神兴奋剂的奖励属性的潜在影响是一个相当大的健康问题，因为可能有一个增加的责任，成瘾这些药物作为产前暴露的结果。此外，妊娠期可卡因可能会影响其他动机系统，如性行为系统。可卡因成瘾的可能性增加也可能与危险的性行为有关，例如更频繁的性活动，与多个伴侣发生性关系以及无保护的性行为。这些行为与艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎的传播有关。这项研究的结果可能有助于了解产前可卡因暴露如何改变成年后对药物的反应，以及它如何增强性动机。该方法包括在不同的胚胎阶段注射可卡因，然后评估孵化率和运动性（鸡蛋内的运动）;可卡因成年鸟类的激活效果和奖励特性的行为测试;以及使用社会接近测试的性动机测试。