Cohort Registry of Type 1 Diabetes

描述（由申请人提供）：威斯康星州糖尿病登记研究 (WDRS) 正在跟踪美国极少数基于人群的 1 型糖尿病队列研究之一。该队列的独特之处在于从 1987 年至 1992 年诊断时至今，对血糖控制、糖尿病护理和并发症进行了全面描述。因此，WDRS 非常适合：(1) 确定人群向更强化的胰岛素治疗和糖尿病管理的转变如何影响微血管结果。 (2) 研究青春期的血糖控制、糖尿病护理、胰岛素抵抗和其他因素如何发展并影响以后的结果。这些目标将通过将观察时间延长到 1 型糖尿病的第 20 年来实现，在此期间，微血管并发症预计会增加。与威斯康星州糖尿病视网膜病变流行病学研究 (WESDR) 的合作，使得可以直接检查在同一地理区域中相隔 7-10 年诊断的个体的糖尿病护理可疑改善的背景下并发症的潜在减少。 WSDR 队列的参与非常好。标准化检查方案（包括眼底照片和访谈）已在整个随访过程中实施，并将在额外的数据收集期间使用。临床检查将为 1 型糖尿病病程 18-20 年期间视网膜病变、肾功能障碍和高血压的发病率、患病率和进展建立准确的预后信息。广泛的纵向数据和现有的血浆库将用于检查糖尿病管理、胰岛素抵抗、身体成分、心血管风险标志物和肾脏损伤指标在关键青少年时期和过去的影响。这些指标的模式将作为结果的预测因素进行研究。具体而言，胱抑素 C 将用作肾功能和心血管风险的纵向测量，IGF-1 和脂联素将用于检查整个青春期胰岛素敏感性的发展和作用。最近人们认识到胰岛素敏感性在 1 型糖尿病中的重要性，但其发展尚未得到全面研究。关于青春期血浆脂质、身体成分、胰岛素治疗和胰岛素抵抗的预测作用的研究结果可能对预防糖尿病并发症具有重要意义。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Wisconsin Diabetes Registry Study (WDRS) is following one of very few population-based cohorts with type 1 diabetes in the United States. The cohort is unique in being comprehensively described from the time of diagnosis during 1987-1992 until now, with respect to glycemic control, diabetes care and complications. Hence, the WDRS is well situated to: (1) Determine how population wide changes toward more intensive insulin therapy and diabetes management have affected microvascular outcomes. (2) Investigate how glycemic control, diabetes care, insulin resistance and other factors across adolescence develop and affect later outcomes. These goals will be achieved by extending the observations through the twentieth year of type 1 diabetes, a duration over which an increase in microvascular complications is expected to occur Collaboration with the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy (WESDR), makes it possible to directly examine the potential decline in complications in the context of suspected improvements in diabetes care in the same geographic region overtime in individuals diagnosed 7-10 years apart. Participation in the WSDR cohort is excellent. Standardized protocols for examinations, including fundus photographs and interviews, have been implemented throughout follow-up and will be used during this additional period of data collection. Clinical examinations will establish accurate prognostic information for the incidence, prevalence, and progression of retinopathy, kidney dysfunction and hypertension at 18-20 years duration of type 1 diabetes. Extensive longitudinal data and an existing plasma bank will be used to examine the effects of diabetes management, insulin resistance, body composition, markers of cardiovascular risk and indicators of kidney damage across and past the critical adolescent years. Patterns in these indicators will be investigated as predictors of outcomes. Specifically, cystatin C will be used as a longitudinal measure of kidney function and cardiovascular risk, and IGF-1 and adiponectin will be used to examine the development and role of insulin sensitivity across adolescence. The importance of insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetes has recently been realized, but its development has not been comprehensively studied. Findings on the predictive role of plasma lipids, body composition, insulin therapy and insulin resistance during adolescence could have important implications for prevention of diabetes complications.