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2007 NIH Director's Pioneer Award Program (DP1)

2007 NIH 院长先锋奖计划 (DP1)

基本信息

批准号：
7341371
负责人：
Margaret Lise Gardel
金额：
$ 76.75万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-30 至 2012-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7341371
关键词：
Actins Actomyosin Address Adhesions Adhesives Affect Affinity Area Atomic Force Microscopy Automobile Driving Award Behavior Biochemical Biochemistry Biological Biological Assay Biological Models Biology Biomedical Research Biophysics Biosensor Boxing Bundling Cell Adhesion Cell physiology Cells Cellular Mechanotransduction Cellular biology Chemicals Chicago Collaborations Communicable Diseases Communities Compatible Complement Complex Computer Simulation Coupling Cytokinesis Cytoskeletal Proteins Cytoskeleton DNA Deglutition Development Disease Doctor of Philosophy Drug Design Elasticity Epithelial Cells Equation Equilibrium Exhibits Extracellular Matrix F-Actin Figs - dietary Filament Fluorescence Fluorescence Microscopy Fluorescent Probes Focal Adhesions Frequencies Friction Future G Actin Gel Generations Genetic Guanosine Triphosphate Health Heart Diseases Higher Order Chromatin Structure Human Hydrolysis Image Image Analysis Immigration In Vitro Individual Inflammatory Knowledge Label Latex Spheres Lead Learning Left Length Life Link Lipids Liquid substance Location Magnetism Maps Measurement Measures Mechanics Mediating Metals Methodology Methods Microfilaments Micromanipulation Microscopic Microscopy Modeling Molasses Molecular Molecular Biology Molecular Genetics Molecular Motors Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins Morphogenesis Motion Motor Movement Muscle Cells Myosin ATPase Myosin Type II Neoplasm Metastasis Neurodegenerative Disorders Nucleic Acids Numbers Optics Organ Organism Pattern Physics Physiology Polymerase Polymers Positioning Attribute Post-Translational Protein Processing Process Production Property Protein Conformation Protein Dynamics Protein Overexpression Proteins RNA Range Recording of previous events Regulation Regulation of Cell Shape Reporter Research Resolution Rheology Rhodamine Rhodamines Role Rubber Signal Transduction Signal Transduction Pathway Simulate Small Interfering RNA Solid Solutions Statistical Methods Stimulus Stress Structure Sum System Techniques Technology Thinking Time Tissues Traction Training Translating United States National Institutes of Health Upper arm Variant Viscosity Work abstracting base career cell behavior cell growth regulation cell motility cellular imaging crosslink density filamin fluorescence imaging fluorophore genetic regulatory protein human disease in vitro Model in vivo insight interdisciplinary approach interest laser tweezer light microscopy link protein macromolecule magnetic field micromanipulator migration millisecond movie mutant nanometer new technology novel physical model physical property polyacrylamide polyacrylamide gels predictive modeling programs protein protein interaction reconstitution research study response scruin self assembly self organization simulation single molecule spatiotemporal submicron theories tool vector

项目摘要

ABSTRACT A major challenge in cell and organism biology is to understand how living cell physiology emerges from the biophysical properties of individual macromolecules. The morphological and physical behaviors of cells required for cell adhesion, migration and division depend on the proper spatial and temporal regulation of a vast hierarchy of multi-protein machines, called the cytoskeleton. However, while we are gaining increasing amounts of knowledge of properties of individual cytoskeletal proteins, we have very little knowledge about the self-assembly and physical properties of multi-protein assemblies that form physical structures to transmit mechanical information up to cellular length scales. For example, we do not understand how forces generated by individual molecular motors are exploited by cytoskeletal assemblies to regulate morphogenesis and force generation at the cellular level. Current understanding of the physical behavior of the cellular cytoskeleton has been limited both by the lack of experimental techniques to probe the dynamic structure and physical properties of mesoscopic cytoskeletal assemblies in living cells. I propose to establish the experimental tools to study the biophysical properties of cytoskeletal matter in living cells by integrating approaches from condensed matter physics with molecular cell biology. This work will identify the underlying physics of emergent cytoskeletal assemblies and will provide predictive analytical models to link our understanding of the biophysics of molecules to cell behaviors. Finally, this work will impact the treatment of diseases that are a result of misregulation of the physical behaviors of cells, including cancer metastasis and cardiac diseases.

摘要