Spatial Hearing in Children with Normal Hearing and Bilateral Cochlear Implants

听力正常且双侧人工耳蜗植入儿童的空间听力

• 批准号: 7633094
• 负责人: Ruth Y Litovsky
• 金额: $ 2.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-04 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7633094
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Age; Auditory; Auditory system; Benchmarking; Bilateral; Biological; Child; Childhood; Cochlear Implants; Complex; Condition; Contralateral; Cues; Decision Making; Development; Ear; Elevation; Environment; Goals; Head; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Human; Implant; Individual; Learning; Left; Life; Linguistics; Location; Masks; Measures; Mediating; Noise; Numbers; Performance; Plant Roots; Population; Positioning Attribute; Procedures; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Signal Transduction; Source; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Visual; Work; auditory deprivation; deafness; experience; hearing impairment; precedence effect; programs; relating to nervous system; research clinical testing; skills; tool; virtual

The overall goal of this research is to understand how children hear in complex auditory environments. Spatial hearing, the ability to understanding speech in background noise and suppression of interference from echoes (precedence effect; PE) will be studied in children with normal hearing and in deaf children who received bilateral cochlear implants (BI-CIs). Aim 1 is to investigate the maturational progression of spatial hearing in complex acoustic environments, and the degradation that noise and echoes have on these abilities. We will test the hypothesis that spatial hearing skills are well developed early in life under simple conditions but not under complex, challenging conditions, such as when competing signals, echoes or noise are present. Aim 2 is to investigate Speech intelligibility in a multi-source environment in normal-hearing children. The decrease in masking due to spatial separation of the target and interferers (spatial release from masking; SRM) will be the focus of this work. We will test hypotheses regarding the maturation of centrally- mediated auditory abilities during childhood. Studies in Aims 1 and 2 will also provide important benchmarks for understanding the significance of bilateral benefits in children with hearing loss, and in particular for a growing population of children with bilateral cochlear implants (BI-CIs). In Aim 3, using measures from Aims 1 and 2, benefits of BI-CIs will be studied in groups of children that vary according to auditory experience prior to, and following, activation of their second implant. It is hypothesized that children with simultaneous BI-CIs will be on a quicker trajectory for emergence of bilateral benefits than children with sequential BI-CIs; that differences will be significantly diminished after 2 years of bilateral experience; that children with post- lingual deafness will perform better than those with pre-lingual deafness due to early establishment of binaural circuitry. The proposed work will help us to better understand the development of functions that are important in everyday situations. The measures developed here can be eventually implemented in clinical evaluations of amplification and fitting strategies. Findings from the BI-CI studies will provide quantitative measures of bilateral benefit in children and will be enlightening about the role of auditory plasticity and experience in a young human population.

本研究的总体目标是了解儿童在复杂听觉环境中的听觉。 空间听觉，在背景噪声中理解语音的能力和干扰的抑制 将在听力正常的儿童和听力正常的聋哑儿童中研究回声（优先效应; PE）， 接受双侧人工耳蜗植入（BI-CI）。目的1是研究空间认知的成熟进程 复杂声学环境中的听力，以及噪声和回声对这些听力的影响 能力.我们将检验这样一个假设，即空间听觉技能在生命的早期就得到了很好的发展， 条件下，但不是在复杂的，具有挑战性的条件下，例如当竞争信号，回声或噪声时， 都在场目的二是研究正常人在多声源环境下的语音可懂度 孩子由于目标和干扰物的空间分离（从干扰物的空间释放）， 掩模; SRM）将是这项工作的重点。我们将测试关于中枢神经系统成熟的假设- 童年时期介导的听觉能力。目标1和2的研究也将提供重要的基准 了解听力损失儿童双侧受益的重要性，特别是 越来越多的儿童接受双侧人工耳蜗植入（BI-CI）。在目标3中，使用目标中的措施 1和2，BI-CI的好处将在根据听觉经验而变化的儿童群体中进行研究 在激活第二植入物之前和之后。据推测，同时患有 BI-CI将比连续BI-CI的儿童更快地出现双边益处; 在两年的双边经验后，差异将显著减少; 语言性耳聋的表现会比语前性耳聋的表现好，这是因为早期建立了 双耳电路建议的工作将有助于我们更好地了解功能的发展， 在日常生活中很重要。这里开发的措施最终可以在临床上实施 扩增和拟合策略的评估。BI-CI研究的结果将提供定量的 的措施，在儿童的双边利益，将启发听觉可塑性的作用， 年轻人的经验。