Optoacoustic system for image-guided biopsy of prostate cancer

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是开发一种成像系统，以允许可视化的小癌性肿瘤和引导前列腺活检。在I期R43CA96153项目和由私人基金赞助的后续开发过程中，我们定义了用于检测前列腺癌的商业上可行的激光光声成像系统（LOIS-P）的参数，并开发了第一个适用于狗体模测试和实验的实验室原型。我们最初的测试结果鼓励提交第二阶段的建议，以开发LOIS-P的商业原型，并在前列腺癌的犬模型中进行广泛的评估。该系统将以真实的时间操作，并且将能够对前列腺进行成像并引导活检过程。目前的医学成像方法在区分癌性前列腺组织和正常前列腺组织方面仅是勉强成功的。因此，活检通常是在整个前列腺中随机取样组织进行的（产生约30%的假阴性率）。光声成像基于肿瘤微血管中血液的吸收利用癌组织相对于正常或良性组织的最高已知物理或化学对比度，并提供具有超宽带超声成像典型的0.5mm的优异分辨率的图像。基于25例乳腺癌患者的成像结果，LOIS已经证明了乳腺恶性肿瘤诊断成像的临床可行性。我们将利用在临床乳腺成像系统开发的持续II期项目中获得的经验，开发一种更先进的前列腺引导活检系统。第一年项目的重点将是开发和制造（1）经直肠探头，该探头包含光纤光传输系统和128个超宽带超声换能器和电荷前置放大器阵列，以及（2）波束形成和数据采集和处理电路板，该电路板具有能够与传统超声和光声双重成像的固件。第二年将致力于在前列腺癌犬模型中广泛评估经直肠LOIS-P，并迭代优化开发系统，为人类临床试验做准备。该项目的成功完成将使光声成像系统作为经直肠超声系统的一个功能可用于临床评估。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this project is to develop an imaging system to allow visualization of small cancerous tumors and guide biopsy of the prostate. In the course of the Phase l R43CA96153 project and subsequent development sponsored by private funds, we defined the parameters for a commercially viable laser optoacoustic imaging system (LOIS-P) for detection of prostate cancer and developed the first laboratory prototype suitable for phantom testing and experiments in dogs. Our initial test results encouraged the submission of a Phase ll proposal for development of a commercial prototype of LOIS-P and its extensive evaluation in the canine model of prostate cancer. This system will operate in real time and will be capable of imaging the prostate gland and guiding a biopsy procedure. Current methods of medical imaging are only marginally successful in differentiating between cancerous and normal prostate tissue. As a result, biopsies are typically performed with random sampling of tissue throughout the prostate (yielding about a 30% false negative rate). Optoacoustic imaging utilizes the highest known physical or chemical contrast of cancerous tissues relative to normal or benign tissue based on absorption of blood in the tumor microvessels and provides images with excellent resolution of 0.5 mm typical of ultra wide-band ultrasonic imaging. Based on imaging results from 25 breast cancer patients, LOIS has already demonstrated clinical feasibility in diagnostic imaging of malignant tumors in the breast. We will utilize experience gained in the continuing Phase-ll project for development of a clinical breast imaging system to develop a more advanced system for guiding biopsy of the prostate. The focus of the 1st year project will be on development and fabrication of (1) a transrectal probe incorporating a fiberoptic light delivery system with an array of 128 ultrawide-band ultrasonic transducers and charge preamplifiers, and (2) a beam forming and data acquisition and processing circuit board with firmware capable of dual imaging with conventional ultrasound and optoacoustics. The 2nd year will be dedicated to extensive evaluation of transrectal LOIS-P in a canine model of prostate cancer and iterative optimization of the developing system in preparation for clinical testing in humans. Successful accomplishment of the proposed project will make the optoacoustic imaging system available for clinical evaluation as a feature of a transrectal ultrasound system.