Mechanical Engineering

机械工业

• 批准号: 7364309
• 负责人: SERGEI YAKUSHIN
• 金额: $ 11.34万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-18 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7364309
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acceleration; Animals; Attitude; Back; Beds; Biological; Blood Pressure; Centrifugation; Collaborations; Computers; Devices; Dystonia; Emergency Situation; Engineering; Equipment; Eye Movements; Food Aversion; Force of Gravity; Fostering; Funding; Goals; Grant; Head; Head Movements; Heart Rate; Human; Humidity; Individual; Lasers; Locomotion; Maintenance; Manufacturer Name; Measures; Mechanics; Modification; Molecular; Monkeys; Motion Sickness; Motor; Mus; Muscle; Nerve; Patients; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Reflex action; Relative (related person); Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Rewards; Rotation; Running; Safety; Services; Side; Sledding; Slide; Support of Research; System; Temperature; Testing; Training; Visual; Walking; Water; Work; college; design; design and construction; medical schools; micromanipulator; peroneal nerve; repaired; research study; respiratory

Specific Aims: The goals of the Mechanical Engineering (ME) Core are to support research of Investigators across the Core Center by designing and building commercially unavailable parts, devices and machines, and by maintaining the machinery currently in use. The aim is to keep the research at the cutting edge in each field aided by the services of the machinists in the ME Core, and to promote collaborations among the individual Pi's. Over the last grant period, the ME Core has helped develop an infrastructure for research at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Brooklyn College that has facilitated collaboration while enhancing individual research. This has generated new funded projects, as well as new collaborations that will expand the scope of the Core. The ME Core will continue to enhance the infrastructure during the next grant period by providing support for new projects and collaborations, as well as by enhancing work in ongoing projects. This will be accomplished in two Specific Aims. Specific Aim 1: Design and Build Commercially Unavailable Parts and Devices to Broaden the Scope of Research and Foster Collaborations: A. Monkey Single Unit and Locomotion Experiments (Yakushin/Raphan/Cohen): 1. Work with the C/EE Core to develop a training system for monkeys walking on a treadmill in the monkey locomotion experiments, so animals will watch a fixed point in space while they receive a water reward. Mount the screen displaying the targets on the linear treadmill. 2. Design and build (with the C/EE Core) new motor-driven micromanipulators that will be used for single unit studies of gravity-dependent gain adaptation in the monkey, and for unit recording in freely-moving monkeys during locomotion studies. 3. Design and build a device for the Cosmos rotator to measure the cervico-ocular reflex (COR) in monkeys, so the monkey's body can be oscillated with the head fixed or the head can be oscillated with the body fixed. 4. Design and build a primate chair for recording muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) from the peroneal nerve of monkeys in the COSMOS rotator and on the 'linear sled on a rotator' (Linear Sled). B. Mouse Physiological, Neuroanatomic and Molecular Biological Studies (Yakushin/ Holstein/Sealfon/ Margolskee/Max/Bedrich/Cohen/Sclafani/Raphan): 1. Configure the linear sled and rotator for mice. It is currently used for monkeys. Manufacture a new mouse holder that will fit into the mount on the linear sled. 2. Design and build new gimbal devices that will allow centrifugation of mice at varying levels of g at any attitude relative to the axis of rotation and the centripetal linear acceleration. 3. Mount the binocular mouse eye movement system on the device to record eye movements during centrifugation. 4. Manufacture small rotational devices to test mice at Brooklyn College in studies of food aversion following centrifugation in different orientations. C. Human Motion Sickness and Vestibulo-Autonomic Studies (Dai/Cohen/Kaufmann/Raphan/ Straumann): 1. Design and build with the C/EE Core, a new 3-D optokinetic stimulator with new gears and motors for the OVAR enclosure. 2. Develop a new head holder for the OVAR chair so that the head does not move during the rotations. Remount the video cameras that record eye movements. 3. With the C/EE Core, design and build a computer-controlled device to measure the subjective visual vertical while stationary and during OVAR. 4. Mount humidity and temperature controls in the OVAR enclosure and blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory devices on the OVAR chair. 5. Design and construct a bed for the Circular Treadmill to place subjects on their sides to habituate their vertical aVOR. D. Human Locomotion Studies (Raphan/Cohen/Cho/Smouha/Olanow): 1. Design and build a mechanism for raising the back of the linear treadmill to study walking downhill. 2. Design and build a gimbaled positioning mechanisms for a laser pointer so that head movements can be directed automatically and tested in patients with dystonia. 3. Design and build a harness on a sliding support on the ceiling to study climbing and descending a staircase. Specific Aim 2: Maintain and repair mechanical equipment: Vestibular research is heavily dependent on a wide variety of mechanical and electromechanical devices. In many instances, maintenance by the original manufacturers is not available but safety is essential. Therefore: 1. Regularly inspect, maintain and, if necessary, replace hoses in the hydraulic system that tilt the OVAR chair used in motion sickness studies. Also, regularly maintain motors that run the linear and circular treadmills. 2. Do emergency repair, small modifications, and routine maintenance of commercial machines, since using outside mechanics, is not only costly but generally not possible

具体目标：机械工程（ME）核心的目标是支持研究人员的研究 通过设计和制造商业上不可用的部件、设备和机器， 保持目前使用的机器。其目的是使研究保持在每个领域的最前沿 在ME核心的机械师的服务的帮助下，并促进个人之间的合作 派的。在上一个赠款期间，ME核心帮助开发了西奈山研究的基础设施 医学院和布鲁克林学院，促进了合作，同时加强个人研究。 这产生了新的资助项目，以及将扩大核心范围的新的合作。 在下一个资助期内，ME Core将继续加强基础设施， 新项目和合作，以及加强正在进行的项目的工作。这将是完成 两个具体目标。 具体目标1：设计和制造商业上不可用的部件和设备， 研究和促进合作： A.猴子单个单元和运动实验（Yakushin/Raphan/Cohen）：1。使用C/EE 核心开发了一个训练系统，用于猴子在跑步机上行走， 所以动物们在得到水的奖励时会在太空中观察一个固定的点。安装显示 在线性跑步机上的目标。2.设计和构建（使用C/EE Core）新型电机驱动显微操作器 这将用于猴子重力依赖性增益适应的单单位研究， 记录在自由移动的猴子在运动研究。3.为宇宙设计和建造一个装置 旋转器来测量猴子的颈眼反射（COR），因此猴子的身体可以随着 头部固定或者头部可以在主体固定的情况下摆动。4.设计和建造一个灵长类动物的椅子， 在COSMOS中记录来自猴腓神经的肌肉交感神经活动（MSNA） 旋转器和“旋转器上的线性滑橇”（线性滑橇）。 B。小鼠生理学、神经解剖学和分子生物学研究（Yakushin/ Holstein/Sealfon/ Margolskee/Max/Bedrich/Cohen/Sclafani/Raphan）：1。为小鼠配置线性滑轨和旋转器。是 目前用于猴子。制造一个新的鼠标保持器，将其安装到线性滑轨上的底座中。2. 设计和建造新的万向节装置，允许在任何姿态下以不同的g水平离心小鼠 相对于旋转轴和向心线加速度。3.安装双目鼠标眼睛 设备上的运动系统，以记录离心过程中的眼球运动。4.制造小 布鲁克林学院的旋转设备测试小鼠在离心后的食物厌恶研究中， 不同的方向。 C.人类运动病和前庭自主神经研究（戴/科恩/考夫曼/拉普兰/ Straumann）：1.使用C/EE Core设计和构建，这是一种具有新齿轮的新型3D视动刺激器， OVAR外壳的电机。2.为OVAR手术椅开发新的头部保持器，使头部不会 在旋转中移动。重新安装记录眼球运动的摄像机。3.有了C/EE核心， 设计和建立一个计算机控制的设备来测量主观视觉垂直，而静止， 在OVAR期间。4.在OVAR外壳中安装湿度和温度控制器，并安装血压、心脏 OVAR椅子上的呼吸装置。5.设计和建造一个床的圆形跑步机， 让受试者侧躺以适应垂直aVOR。 D.人类运动研究（Raphan/Cohen/Cho/Smouha/Olanow）：1。设计和建立一个机制 用于升高线性跑步机的后部以研究下坡行走。2.设计和建造一个万向定位 激光指示器的机械装置，使头部运动可以自动定向并在患者身上进行测试 肌张力障碍3.在天花板上的滑动支架上设计并制作一个安全带，以学习攀爬， 下楼梯 具体目标2：维护和修理机械设备：前庭研究在很大程度上依赖于 各种各样的机械和机电设备。在许多情况下，原始的维护 制造商是不可用的，但安全是必不可少的。因此：1.定期检查、维护，如果 必要时，更换液压系统中的软管，使运动病研究中使用的OVAR椅子倾斜。 此外，定期维护运行线性和圆形研磨机的电机。2.做紧急维修，小 商业机器的修改和日常维护，因为使用外部机械，不仅 成本高，但通常不可能