Verb semantics and argument realization in pre-modern Japanese: a comprehensive study of the basic syntax of pre-modern Japanese.

前现代日语中的动词语义和论元实现：前现代日语基本句法的综合研究。

• 批准号: AH/F018894/1
• 负责人: Bjarke Frellesvig
• 金额: $ 105.34万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FF018894%2F1
• 关键词: Verb; semantics; argument; realization; pre

Verb semantics and argument realization in pre-modern Japanese: a comprehensive study of the basic syntax of pre-modern Japanese.This project will give a detailed account of the basic structure or grammar of the pre-modern Japanese language through its recorded history from the beginning of 8th until the beginning of the 17th century. The group of scholars on the project is the strongest team ever to work together on pre-modern Japanese language and significant results of relevance to Japanese studies in general, Japanese linguistics, and historical and general linguistic theory are anticipated.Most research into historical Japanese grammar, including syntax, implicitly assumes the grammatical categories of the modern language and projects them onto earlier stages of the language. This project, by contrast, will investigate pre-modern Japanese on its own merit, providing an immanent, comprehensive account of each of the earlier stages. The project will also give a description of the changes that have taken place between these stages of the language and contribute significantly to an understanding of how the grammar of Japanese has changed through time.Our theoretical focus is on 'argument realization', which is a fundamentally important aspect of the syntax of a language which concerns the way in which verb meaning determines the number of arguments and their morpho-syntactic and semantic properties. This will be investigated in detail through large text corpora, focusing on the following three distinct and well-attested periods of the Japanese language.Old Japanese (mainly 700 - 800)Early Middle Japanese (800-1200, but especially 900 - 1100)Early Modern Japanese (c. 1600)The descriptive and analytical work of the project is based on extensive text corpora from these three periods. The first step in the project is the construction of a large database (for internal use only) which organizes the empirical material for analysis: the texts will first be transcribed and entered into an electronic database and then 'tagged' to show the grammatical role of nouns in the sentences; finally all verbs will be extracted and recorded together with information about the grammatical roles with which they occur, thereby creating an electronic concordance with information about each verb and the grammatical frame in which it can occur.This database makes possible a comprehensive and systematic analysis and description of verb meaning and associated grammatical frames in each of the stages of Japanese, determining what part of verb meaning contributes most importantly to its grammatical potential and how this potential is realized in sentences. The project will give a detailed analysis of relevant verb classes and of differences and similarities between and across verb classes.Based on this analysis it will further be possible to chart changes for individual verbs and classes of verbs and to establish possible 'developmental pathways' through time for verb meaning and grammatical frames.A detailed investigation of this kind within this theoretical approach has never been carried out for any language. The results of the investigation will first of all bear on the description and understanding of pre-modern Japanese and its changes through time, with implications for interpretation of texts. The study will also have a number of implications for linguistic theory, both with regards to frameworks for understanding verb semantics and clause structure, and with regards to the application of grammatical theory to 'dead' languages.

前现代日语中的动词语义和论元实现：对前现代日语基本句法的全面研究。本项目将通过8世纪初至17世纪初的有记录的历史，详细介绍前现代日语的基本结构或语法。该项目的学者小组是有史以来合作研究前现代日语的最强大的团队，预计将取得与一般日语研究、日本语言学以及历史和一般语言理论相关的重大成果。大多数对历史日语语法的研究，包括句法，都隐含地假设现代语言的语法类别，并将其投射到语言的早期阶段。相比之下，这个项目将根据自己的优点调查前现代日本人，提供对早期每个阶段的内在、全面的描述。该项目还将描述日语在这两个阶段之间发生的变化，并有助于理解日语语法是如何随着时间的推移而变化的。我们的理论重点是论元实现，这是语言句法的一个基本重要方面，涉及动词意义决定论元数量及其形态句法和语义属性的方式。这将通过大型文本语料库进行详细调查，重点关注以下三个不同且得到充分证明的日语时期。古日语(主要是700-800)早期中古日语(800-1200，但特别是900-1100)早期现代日语(约1600)本项目的描述和分析工作基于这三个时期的广泛文本语料库。该项目的第一步是建立一个大型数据库(仅供内部使用)，该数据库组织用于分析的经验材料：首先将文本转录并输入电子数据库，然后进行标记，以显示名词在句子中的语法作用；最后，所有动词将被提取并与它们所出现的语法角色的信息一起被记录，从而创建与关于每个动词的信息以及它可以出现的语法框架的电子一致性。该数据库使得全面和系统地分析和描述日语每个阶段的动词意义和相关的语法框架成为可能，确定动词意义的哪一部分对其语法潜力最重要，以及这种潜力是如何在句子中实现的。该项目将对相关的动词类别以及动词类别之间的异同进行详细的分析。在此分析的基础上，将进一步绘制单个动词和动词类别的变化图表，并建立动词意义和语法框架随时间变化的可能路径。在这一理论方法中，这类详细的调查从未在任何语言中进行过。研究结果将首先影响对前现代日语的描述和理解，以及它随时间的变化，并对文本的解读产生影响。这项研究还将对语言学理论产生一些影响，无论是在理解动词语义和从句结构的框架方面，还是在语法理论应用于“死”语言方面。

项目成果

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics article

牛津研究语言学百科全书文章

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Frellesvig B

The Cambridge Handbook of Japanese Linguistics

剑桥日语语言学手册

• 作者: Frellesvig B

Perspectives on language structure and language change

对语言结构和语言变化的看法

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Frellesvig, B

Transitivity and Valency Alternations - Studies on Japanese and Beyond

及物性和配价交替 - 日语及其他语言的研究

• DOI: 10.1515/9783110477153-010
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Frellesvig B

????????????? Text Corpora and Japanese Historical Linguistics

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• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Frellesvig B