Disparities in Injuries and Access to Injury Prevention

伤害和伤害预防方面的差异

• 批准号: 7525309
• 负责人: JOYCE C PRESSLEY
• 金额: $ 6.48万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7525309
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; behavioral /social science research tag; biomedical facility; clinical research; community; health care cost /financing; health care service availability; health care service utilization; health disparity; health services research tag; human data; injury; injury prevention; interdisciplinary collaboration; minority health professional; minority institution research support; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics

Injuries, unintentional and intentional, contribute significantly to ethnic disparities in morbidity, disability and life expectancy. In Harlem childhood injuries occur at twice the national rate. Unintentional injuries are the third leading cause of death in Hispanics and the fourth in blacks--preceded only by heart disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular disease (blacks). In addition, unintentional injuries are a leading cause of years of potential life lost (YPLL) (CDC 2002). Yet the leading role of injuries, both in morbidity and mortality in the general population and as a major dimension of racial and ethnic disparities, has not received full recognition. Inadequate attention to ethnic disparities left Healthy People 2010 (DHHS 2000) with insufficient information to set targets for reduction of ethnic disparities in many injury areas. Both intentional and unintentional injuries have been shown to have a modifiable component when well-focused interventions are implemented in a minority community. Through the efforts of the Co-PI, Dr. Barbara Barlow and others, focused, community-based interventions were put into place that lowered injury rates by 40%-50%. Using funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the success of this program has been nationalized. The program now operates sites in 7 of 10 trauma regions covering the mainland United States. As Chief of Surgery at Harlem Hospital, Dr. Barlow has observed the need to expand these efforts to adults and the elderly. The focus of the Injury/Disability Prevention Core is to facilitate the study of racial and ethnic disparities in injuries and injury prevention across all age groups. Specific aims are to: (1) promote research on disparities in access to programs and capabilities to prevent injury and disability among infants, children, adolescents, and elderly to characterize health disparities in injury; (2) expand monitoring of injury surveillance and disparities in health care access to potentially disability-reducing treatments for adult and elderly populations in northern Manhattan; and (3) develop research in collaboration with northern Manhattan organizations to identify potential interventions to reduce injury disparities through primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of falls, the most prevalent nonfatal injury.

意外和故意伤害是造成发病率、残疾和预期寿命方面族裔差异的重要因素。在哈莱姆，儿童受伤率是全国的两倍。意外伤害是西班牙裔的第三大死亡原因，是黑人的第四大死亡原因，仅次于心脏病、癌症和脑血管疾病（黑人）。此外，意外伤害是潜在寿命损失年数（YPLL）的主要原因（CDC 2002）。 然而，伤害在一般人口发病率和死亡率方面以及作为种族和族裔不平等的一个主要方面所起的主导作用尚未得到充分认识。由于对族裔差异关注不足，《2010年健康人民》（2000年人口与健康调查）没有提供足够的信息来制定减少许多受伤地区族裔差异的目标。 有意和无意伤害已被证明有一个修改的组成部分时，重点突出的干预措施，在少数民族社区实施。通过Co-PI，Barbara Barlow博士和其他人的努力，集中的，以社区为基础的干预措施已经到位，将伤害率降低了40%-50%。利用罗伯特·伍德约翰逊基金会的资金，这一计划的成功已被国有化。该计划现在在美国大陆10个创伤地区中的7个地区开展业务。作为哈莱姆的外科主任 医院，巴洛博士观察到需要扩大这些努力的成年人和老年人。 伤害/残疾预防核心的重点是促进研究所有年龄组的伤害和伤害预防方面的种族和民族差异。具体目标是：（1）促进对婴儿、儿童、青少年和老年人在获得预防伤害和残疾的方案和能力方面的差异的研究，以描述伤害中的健康差异;（2）扩大对北方曼哈顿的成年人和老年人在获得可能减少残疾的治疗方面的伤害监测和医疗保健方面的差异的监测;和（3）与北方曼哈顿组织合作开展研究，以确定潜在的干预措施，通过对福尔斯（最常见的非致命性伤害）的一级、二级和三级预防来减少伤害差异。