Developing a Workplace Program to Reduce Alcohol Abuse and Risky Sex in Alaska

制定工作场所计划以减少阿拉斯加的酗酒和危险性行为

• 批准号: 7420875
• 负责人: Rick S. Zimmerman
• 金额: $ 17.59万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-28 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7420875
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Absenteeism; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Alaska; Alaska Native; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; American Indians; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Control; Birth; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Chlamydia; Class; Collaborations; Communities; Dependence; Employee; Employee Health; Environment; HIV; Health behavior; Individual; Infection; Injury; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Link; Medical Care Costs; Numbers; Occupations; Outcome; Pattern; Planning Theory; Policies; Population; Poverty; Preparation; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Qualitative Research; Randomized Controlled Trials; Range; Rate; Reaction; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Services; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Testing; Therapeutic community technique; Time; United States; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Unplanned pregnancy; Wages; Work; Workplace; alcohol intervention; alcohol misuse; base; behavior change; community intervention; cost; high risk sexual behavior; low socioeconomic status; programs; response; sex; social; theories; unintended pregnancy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the U.S., the majority of adults who are at risk for alcohol problems and many who engage in risky sexual behavior are employed and spend a considerable amount of time in the workplace. In addition, alcohol abuse and outcomes related to high risk sexual behaviors such as unplanned pregnancies and STI infections are associated with job absenteeism, turnover, injury rates and increased medical care costs (Institute of Medicine, 1994; Martin, 1994), particularly among the working poor. Thus the workplace holds great potential as a venue for the identification of low wage workers who are at risk for, or engage in, these behaviors. In the proposed two year R21 study we seek to develop a workplace-linked intervention to reduce alcohol abuse/misuse and risky sexual behavior among low-wage employees in Alaska. Two theoretical frameworks guide this approach: 1) a Cultural Approach to Alcohol and Risky Sex the Workplace (adapted from Ames & Janes, 1992), and 2) the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen & Madden, 1998). These two theories allow us to include both the organizational and cultural aspects of the work environment and individual level determinants of alcohol use/abuse and risky sexual behaviors of low-wage workers. We plan to base the proposed study in Alaska for several reasons: it is an underserved and under- researched state with high rates of alcohol abuse, STIs and unplanned pregnancies. We also have an existing research infrastructure in Anchorage and active collaborations with the research and substance abuse prevention communities there. In Year 1 we plan to develop collaborations with companies which employ low- wage service workers and conduct qualitative research with employees and employers to better understand the patterns of alcohol use/abuse, risky sexual behavior, STIs (including HIV) and unintended pregnancy; and the links among behaviors and outcomes and the workplace environment. During Year 2, we will conduct quantitative survey research with employers and employees to assess the prevalence of alcohol use/abuse, risky sexual behavior, STIs (including HIV) and unintended pregnancy and the relationships among these behaviors and the workplace environment and assess the acceptability of possible components of a workplace-linked program to reduce alcohol use/abuse and risky sexual behaviors. Based on these findings we will develop and pilot test an initial version of a workplace-linked prevention program to reduce alcohol use/abuse, risky sex, and STIs in low-wage service workers in Alaska in preparation for a larger R01 application. The proposed study will allow us to potentially affect risky behavior directly among low wage worker through programs as well as indirectly through the culture and environment of the workplace. The project will also enable us to propose a program less controversial than one focusing solely on risky sex, and capitalize on the links between alcohol and risky sex.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，大多数有酗酒风险的成年人和许多从事危险性行为的成年人都有工作，并在工作场所度过相当多的时间。此外，酗酒和与高风险性行为（如意外怀孕和性传播感染）相关的后果与缺勤、流动、受伤率和医疗费用增加有关（Institute of Medicine，1994；Martin，1994），特别是在工作穷人中。因此，工作场所作为识别有这些行为风险或从事这些行为的低工资工人的场所具有巨大的潜力。在拟议的为期两年的 R21 研究中，我们寻求开发一种与工作场所相关的干预措施，以减少阿拉斯加低薪员工的酗酒/滥用和危险性行为。两个理论框架指导这种方法：1）工作场所酒精和危险性行为的文化方法（改编自 Ames 和 Janes，1992 年），2）计划行为理论（Ajzen 和 Madden，1998 年）。这两种理论使我们能够涵盖工作环境的组织和文化方面以及低薪工人酗酒/滥用和危险性行为的个人层面决定因素。我们计划在阿拉斯加进行拟议的研究有几个原因：这是一个服务不足且研究不足的州，酗酒、性传播感染和意外怀孕的比例很高。我们还在安克雷奇拥有现有的研究基础设施，并与那里的研究和药物滥用预防社区积极合作。在第一年，我们计划与雇用低薪服务人员的公司开展合作，并与雇员和雇主进行定性研究，以更好地了解饮酒/滥用、危险性行为、性传播感染（包括艾滋病毒）和意外怀孕的模式；以及行为和结果与工作场所环境之间的联系。在第二年，我们将与雇主和雇员一起进行定量调查研究，以评估饮酒/滥用、危险性行为、性传播感染（包括艾滋病毒）和意外怀孕的流行情况，以及这些行为与工作场所环境之间的关系，并评估与工作场所相关的减少饮酒/滥用和危险性行为计划的可能组成部分的可接受性。 根据这些发现，我们将开发并试点测试与工作场所相关的预防计划的初始版本，以减少阿拉斯加低薪服务人员的酒精使用/滥用、危险性行为和性传播感染，为更大规模的 R01 应用做准备。拟议的研究将使我们能够通过项目直接影响低工资工人的危险行为，并通过工作场所的文化和环境间接影响。该项目还将使我们能够提出一项比仅关注危险性行为的计划争议更少的计划，并利用酒精与危险性行为之间的联系。