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Selecting genes for function: Exploiting genetic diversity in grasses to manage the biophysical interactions in grassland soils

选择功能基因：利用草的遗传多样性来管理草原土壤中的生物物理相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
BB/D011612/1
负责人：
Philip Matthew Haygarth
金额：
$ 49.17万
依托单位：
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FD011612%2F1
关键词：
Selecting genes function Exploiting genetic

项目摘要

Grassland is an important land use in the UK, accounting for 35% of all land cover and more than 70% of farmed land. Grassland utility is becoming more multifunctional with an increasing need to consider the pivotal role of grassland management in river basin corridors and their role in rainfall-runoff processes, which have a significant influence on flooding. The ability of vegetation to increase macro-porosity and to influence soil hydraulic properties has been recently observed. However, little is known about how grassland management influences soil profile hydraulic properties and larger scale rainfall-runoff processes. Not only should grasslands be freely draining in wet periods, but sustainable grasses need to be able to extract water stored in deep layers during dry summer periods. A unique collection of grasses that have a diverse set of gene x environment interactions will be used to link the genetics of deep rooting and water use efficiency with their function. The gene mapping approach used here will simultaneously identify genes for rooting traits and water-use-efficiency both in UK grass species and in other monocot crop species including the model monocot crop rice, thereby facilitating information exchange for the benefit of all concerned with monocot crop-sustainability. To realize the benefits from breeding grasses and selecting grass with genes for predetermined function it is necessary to understand the implications at the field and catchment scales. This is to say that we need to up-scale from microcosm and runoff plot experiments to the catchment scale. The variation in plant root growth within species and between grass species will be assessed to enable more accurate model predictions of the influence of grass rooting behaviour on soil hydraulic properties. This will provide a basis for active grassland management that has the potential to manipulate both productivity (i.e. through water availability), and environmental services through increased infiltration into the soil profile and decreased surface water run-off. The final objective of this project is to develop a model that integrates the new knowledge such that the outputs of the project may be generalized and used to reduce flood risk at the landscape scale.

草地是英国重要的土地利用方式，占所有土地覆盖的35%，占耕地的70%以上。草原公用事业正变得更加多功能，越来越需要考虑草原管理在流域廊道中的关键作用及其在降雨径流过程中的作用，这对洪水有重大影响。最近观察到植被增加大孔隙度和影响土壤水力特性的能力。然而，人们对草原管理如何影响土壤剖面水力特性和更大规模的降雨径流过程知之甚少。草原不仅应该在潮湿时期自由排水，而且可持续的草需要能够在干燥的夏季提取深层储存的水。具有多种基因与环境相互作用的独特草类集合将被用来将深根性和水分利用效率的遗传学与其功能联系起来。这里使用的基因作图方法将同时识别英国草种和其他单子叶作物物种（包括模式单子叶作物水稻）的生根性状和水分利用效率的基因，从而促进信息交流，造福所有关心单子叶作物可持续性的人。为了实现育种草和选择具有预定功能基因的草的好处，有必要了解田间和流域规模的影响。这就是说，我们需要从微观和径流图实验扩大到流域规模。将评估物种内和草种之间植物根系生长的变化，以便更准确地预测草根行为对土壤水力特性的影响。这将为积极的草原管理提供基础，有可能通过增加土壤剖面的渗透和减少地表水径流来操纵生产力（即通过水的可用性）和环境服务。该项目的最终目标是开发一个集成新知识的模型，以便项目的输出可以被推广并用于减少景观规模的洪水风险。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Breeding strategies for sustainable forage and turf grass improvement

可持续饲料和草坪改良的育种策略

DOI：
10.1007/978-94-007-4555-1_21
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Humphreys M
通讯作者：
Humphreys M

Phosphorus retention and remobilization in vegetated buffer strips: a review.

DOI：
10.2134/jeq2010.0543
发表时间：
2012-03
期刊：
Journal of environmental quality
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
W. M. Roberts;M. Stutter;P. Haygarth
通讯作者：
W. M. Roberts;M. Stutter;P. Haygarth

Soil Management and Grass Species Effects on the Hydraulic Properties of Shrinking Soils

DOI：
10.2136/sssaj2009.0284
发表时间：
2010-05-01
期刊：
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Gregory, A. S.;Webster, C. P.;Matthews, G. P.
通讯作者：
Matthews, G. P.

Recovering phosphorus from soil: a root solution?

DOI：
10.1021/es2044745
发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
Environmental science & technology
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
M. Stutter;C. Shand;T. George;M. Blackwell;R. Bol;R. MacKay;A. Richardson;L. Condron;Benjamin L Tur
通讯作者：
M. Stutter;C. Shand;T. George;M. Blackwell;R. Bol;R. MacKay;A. Richardson;L. Condron;Benjamin L Tur

A Global Database of Soil Plant Available Phosphorus.