Stress and Subsequent Drinking in Individuals with Different Drinking Motives

描述（由申请人提供）：一个人饮酒的原因与酒精中毒的风险有关。与其他饮酒动机相比，应对动机（酒精被用来减轻压力或负面影响）和增强动机（酒精被用来增强积极情绪）都与酒精问题的风险增加有关。具有增强动机的人倾向于大量饮酒，这增加了他们出现酒精问题的风险，而那些有应对动机的人出现酒精问题的风险更高，这与酗酒无关。事实上，与应对动机相关的风险增加的基础还没有得到很好的理解。研究认为风险的增加与(a)应对动机的饮酒者有更大的情感痛苦或焦虑，或(b)应对动机的饮酒者一开始就有更严重的酒精问题有关。似乎饮酒动机可以缓和压力和随后饮酒之间的关系，有应对动机的人特别容易受到压力诱发饮酒的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One's reasons for drinking alcohol are related to risk of developing alcoholism. Both coping motives (where alcohol is used to reduce stress or negative affect) and enhancement motives (where alcohol is used to augment positive emotions) are associated with increased risk of alcohol problems compared to other motives for drinking. Whereas individuals with enhancement motives tend to drink heavily, which increases their risk of alcohol problems, those with coping motives have a higher risk of alcohol problems independent of heavy drinking. In fact, the basis of the increased risk associated with coping motives is not well understood. Research disputes that the increased risk is related to either (a) coping-motivated drinkers having greater affective distress or anxiety or (b) coping-motivated drinkers having greater severity of alcohol problems at the outset. It does appear that motives for drinking may moderate the relationship between stress and subsequent drinking, where individuals with coping motives are especially susceptible to stressinduced drinking. This study uses a clinical laboratory setting to collect pilot data that can be used in future studies to more closely examine the relationship between stress and drinking in social drinkers who endorse different motives for drinking. The project compares non-alcoholic drinkers with coping vs. enhancement motives for drinking on their alcohol consumption following a psychological stressor (or no-stress control condition). The project employs validated methods and instruments to measure drinking motives, to induce and measures stress, and to examine alcohol consumption. It is hypothesized that stress and drinking motive will interact regarding subsequent alcohol consumption, where stress has the greatest impact in individuals with coping motives for drinking. In addition, it is hypothesized that indices of the stress response will be most strongly related to alcohol consumption in participants with coping motives. In order for alcoholism prevention efforts to be well-designed and effectively administered, we must understand how risk factors are manifest. The ultimate goal of this program of research is to help alcoholism prevention efforts by providing empirical data to suggest what processes should be targeted in individuals who, because of their motives for drinking, may be at particular risk for future alcohol problems.