Exploring Intraindividual Variability in Elders' Everyday Cognitive Performance

探索老年人日常认知表现的个体差异

• 批准号: 7256055
• 负责人: JASON C. ALLAIRE
• 金额: $ 17.76万
• 依托单位: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7256055
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Area; Attention; Blood Pressure; Body of uterus; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Complex; Computers; Coupling; Daily; Data; Databases; Development; Education; Elderly; Exhibits; Face; Failure; Foundations; Fright; Future; Goals; Health; Impaired cognition; Individual; Investigation; Learning; Life; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Memory; Modeling; NIH Program Announcements; Numbers; Occupational activity of managing finances; Outcome; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pilot Projects; Process; Psychometrics; Purpose; Range; Reaction; Reaction Time; Research; Risk; Sampling; Score; Speed; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stress; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Training; Variant; Week; Weight; aged; base; cognitive function; day; dosage; eligible participant; human old age (65+); mortality; nutrition; response; skills; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Everyday cognition is defined as the ability to solve cognitively complex real-world problems (e.g., medication use, financial management, nutrition) that older adults may face in their everyday lives. To date research has looked at static assessments (i.e., single occasion of measurement) of everyday cognitive performance. However, to study everyday cognition or "cognition in context" it is important to understand not only how older adults perform at a single occasion but how performance may fluctuate from occasion to occasion over a short period of time. Intuitively, the ability to solve everyday problems consistently and predictably has critical adaptive value for older adults. Consequently, the proposed study seeks to merge two areas of cognitive aging research, everyday cognition and intraindividual variability, into a single study examining the dynamic short-term changes and correlates of fluctuations in elders' everyday cognitive competency, a domain with potentially high functional value. The study will be conducted using a racially heterogeneous sample of 200 community dwelling elders aged 65 years and older. After a baseline assessment, eligible participants will be complete a computer-administered daily test battery on 14 different days over a three week period. This daily battery will include a new measure of daily everyday cognition developed using preestablished measures of elders' everyday cognition, as well as measure of basic cognitive functioning. Broadly defined, the goal of the proposed investigation is to characterize the range of performance variation in older adults' everyday cognitive competency. Specifically, the study goals are: (1) Develop a measurement tool to assess elders' daily everyday cognitive functioning. (2) Evaluate the short term fluctuations in elders' everyday cognitive functioning, and determine the correlates of that variability. (3) Determine whether intraindividual variability in everyday cognition is associated with poorer overall everyday cognitive performance and poor instrumental functioning. (4) Identify the underlying factors (basic cognitive ability, affect, and health) that serve as risks and/or protective factors for variability in everyday cognition. The overarching goal of this study is to better understand how older adults solve everyday problems, and how their ability to do so might change from one day to the next.

描述(申请人提供)：日常认知被定义为解决老年人在日常生活中可能面临的复杂认知现实世界问题(例如，药物使用、财务管理、营养)的能力。到目前为止，研究着眼于对日常认知表现的静态评估(即，单一场合的评估)。然而，要研究日常认知或“语境中的认知”，重要的是不仅要了解老年人在单一场合的表现，而且要了解在短时间内不同场合的表现如何波动。直觉上，持续和可预测地解决日常问题的能力对老年人具有关键的适应价值。因此，这项拟议的研究试图将认知老化研究的两个领域--日常认知和个体内变异性--合并为一项单一的研究，以考察老年人日常认知能力的动态短期变化及其波动的相关性，这一领域具有潜在的高功能价值。这项研究将使用200名年龄在65岁及以上的社区居住老年人的种族差异样本进行。在基线评估之后，符合条件的参与者将在三周内的14天内完成计算机管理的每日测试。这一日常电池将包括一种新的日常认知测量方法，使用预先设定的老年人日常认知测量方法开发，以及基本认知功能测量方法。广义而言，这项拟议调查的目标是描述老年人日常认知能力的表现差异范围。具体来说，研究的目标是：(1)开发一种测量工具来评估老年人的日常认知功能。(2)评估老年人日常认知功能的短期波动，并确定这种波动的相关因素。(3)确定日常认知中的个体内部变异性是否与较差的总体日常认知表现和较差的工具功能相关。(4)确定作为日常认知变异性的风险和/或保护因素的潜在因素(基本认知能力、情感和健康)。这项研究的首要目标是更好地了解老年人是如何解决日常问题的，以及他们这样做的能力可能会随着一天又一天的变化而变化。