TARGETED HYPER-REINNERVATION TO IMPROVE MYOELECTRIC PROSTHESIS CONTROL

有针对性的过度神经再支配以改善肌电假肢控制

• 批准号: 7376905
• 负责人: Todd Kuiken
• 金额: $ 0.25万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-01 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7376905
• 关键词: TARGETED; HYPER; REINNERVATION; IMPROVE; MYOELECTRIC

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The control of prostheses for patients with shoulder disarticulations and transhumeral amputations is significantly more difficult than that of prostheses for more distal amputations. Amputees have significant difficulties coordinating the separate functions of prosthetic shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand components. The user must lock one joint at a particular position in space before subsequently moving a different joint. Use of the devices seldom becomes intuitive for the amputee. Peripheral nerves still carry information from the brain, despite having no function after the amputation of the upper extremity. Our strategy is to surgically link the amputated nerve stumps of the arm to otherwise functionless residual muscles of the chest and upper arm using standard techniques of peripheral nerve surgery and muscle flap surgery. Muscle segments which receive these novel nerve transfers then act as bio-amplifiers of the electric signals of the peripheral nervous system. The muscle contractions elicited under voluntary control of the patient are detectable by surface EMG electrodes, and can be used to signal a myoelectric prosthesis. This surgery creates a useful brain-machine interface which is smooth, intuitive, and for the first time allows the simultaneous control of multiple prosthesis joints.

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。肩关节离断和经肱骨截肢患者的假体控制明显比远端截肢患者的假体控制困难。截肢者在协调假体肩、肘、腕和手部件的单独功能方面有很大的困难。在随后移动不同的关节之前，用户必须将一个关节锁定在空间中的特定位置。对于截肢者来说，器械的使用很少变得直观。 周围神经仍然携带来自大脑的信息，尽管上肢截肢后没有功能。我们的策略是使用周围神经手术和肌瓣手术的标准技术，将手臂的截肢神经残端与胸部和上臂的无功能残余肌肉手术连接。接受这些新的神经转移的肌肉节段然后充当外周神经系统的电信号的生物放大器。在患者的自主控制下引起的肌肉收缩可由表面EMG电极检测，并且可用于向肌电假体发出信号。该手术创造了一个有用的脑机接口，该接口平滑，直观，并首次允许同时控制多个假体关节。