Arsenic in Water: Removal Technolgoi

水中砷：去除技术

• 批准号: 7311855
• 负责人: Wendall P Ela
• 金额: $ 18.53万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7311855
• 关键词: adsorption; arsenic; environmental exposure; environmental toxicology; hazardous substances; technology /technique development; waste disposal; water pollution

Arsenic is one of the five most common inorganic contaminants at Superfund sites. In addition, water providers, solid waste disposal entities, and regulatory agencies are gearing up to comply with a new standard for arsenic in drinking water, by evaluating arsenic removal options and the implications of residuals disposal. Consequently, it is critical to have appropriate treatment options identified for a variety of arsenic in water conditions and appropriate methods developed for assessing the hazard posed by the arsenic-bearing residuals that inevitably must be produced. Furthermore, to the degree that arsenic-bearing residuals are shown to pose an unacceptable risk, technologies must be developed to stabilize these residuals and mitigate the risk to an acceptable level. If this latter need is left unaddressed, it is foreseeable the disposed residuals will become the focus of future Superfund clean-ups. This project focuses on addressing shortcomings and providing advances in three critical areas: treatment technologies, residuals assessment and residuals stabilization. Separate, yet interdependent research study areas are directly aligned with these critical areas. The first study area involves development and testing of two innovative approaches for removing arsenic from water. One approach aims at meeting the need for a robust, compact, economical and low maintenance technology for arsenic removal from drinking water by small utilities. The second addresses the need for a technology for selective arsenic removal from high concentration, complex aqueous matrices such as ion exchange brines and membrane process concentrates. The second research study area involves development, mechanistic interpretation and validation of a testing protocol to assess arsenic and other hazardous oxyanion leaching from solids under landfill conditions. Specific shortcomings of currently used protocols will be identified and a widely applicable, abiotic protocol will be developed and tested for the range of solid residuals that are expected to be generated by technologies for removing arsenic from water. The final research study area involves development, mechanistic interpretation and testing of two technologies to produce environmentally benign arsenic treatment residuals. An encapsulation technology is refined and tested for application on residuals of current arsenic adsorption technologies, including those with high salt contents. In a complementary effort, an innovative crystallization technology will be studied and taken to proof of concept for long-term, high stability, near-minimum volume disposal of arsenic-laden iron sludges. These sludges will be the residuals generated from the innovative removal technologies developed in this project and potentially generated in ion exchange and membrane processes.

砷是超级基金场地五种最常见的无机污染物之一。此外，供水商、固体废物处理实体和监管机构正在准备通过评估除砷方案和残留物处理的影响来遵守饮用水中砷的新标准。因此，至关重要的是针对各种水中砷确定适当的处理方案，并开发适当的方法来评估不可避免地产生的含砷残留物所造成的危害。此外，如果含砷残留物被证明会造成不可接受的风险，则必须开发技术来稳定这些残留物并将风险降低到可接受的水平。如果后一个需求得不到解决，可以预见的是，处理后的残留物将成为未来超级基金清理的重点。该项目重点关注 解决缺陷并在三个关键领域取得进展：处理技术、残留物评估和残留物稳定。独立但相互依赖的研究领域与这些关键领域直接相关。第一个研究领域涉及开发和测试两种从水中去除砷的创新方法。一种方法旨在满足小型公用事业公司对稳健、紧凑、经济且低维护技术从饮用水中去除砷的需求。第二个解决了对从高浓度、复杂的水基体（例如离子交换盐水和膜工艺浓缩物）中选择性去除砷的技术的需求。第二次研究 研究领域涉及测试方案的开发、机理解释和验证，以评估垃圾填埋场条件下固体中砷和其他有害氧阴离子的浸出。将确定当前使用的方案的具体缺点，并将针对预计由水中除砷技术产生的一系列固体残留物开发和测试广泛适用的非生物方案。最终的研究领域涉及两种技术的开发、机理解释和测试，以生产环境友好的砷处理残留物。封装技术经过改进和测试，可应用于当前砷吸附技术的残留物，包括高盐含量的残留物。在互补的努力中，创新的结晶技术 将进行研究并进行概念验证，以长期、高稳定性、接近最小体积处置含砷铁污泥。这些污泥将是本项目开发的创新去除技术产生的残留物，并可能在离子交换和膜工艺中产生。