RESISTANT STARCH: A POTENTIAL WEIGHT LOSS AIDE IN CHILDREN?

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。虽然有强有力的证据表明，饮食中脂肪的数量和类型会对新陈代谢产生巨大影响，但碳水化合物亚型影响代谢参数的案例正在出现。根据定义，抗性淀粉（RS）是指在小肠中不被消化而进入大肠的淀粉。在这里，RS是发酵的良好底物，可以增加短链脂肪酸的产量。RS和可消化淀粉在吸收上的差异被认为表示了它们不同的代谢反应。RS摄入与新陈代谢的一些变化有关，这些变化可能会带来一些健康益处。在成人中，RS摄入似乎可以降低餐后血糖和胰岛素反应，降低血浆胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度，改善全身胰岛素敏感性，增加饱腹感，减少脂肪储存。这些特性使RS成为预防与血脂异常和胰岛素抵抗相关疾病以及开发减肥饮食和治疗2型糖尿病的饮食疗法的有吸引力的饮食靶点。然而，目前还没有关于摄入RS对肥胖个体或儿童/青少年代谢影响的数据。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. While there is strong evidence that the amount and type of fat in the diet can have dramatic effects on metabolism, the case for carbohydrate subtypes influencing metabolic parameters is emerging. By definition, resistant starch (RS) is any starch that is not digested in the small intestine but passes to the large bowel. Here, RS is a good substrate for fermentation which gives rise to an increase in short chain fatty acid production. This difference in absorption between RS and digestible starch is thought to denote their differential metabolic responses. RS intake is associated with several changes in metabolism which may confer some health benefits. In adults, RS intake seems to decrease postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses, lower plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, improve whole body insulin sensitivity, increase satiety, and reduce fat storage. These properties make RS an attractive dietary target for the prevention of diseases associated with dyslipidemia and insulin resistance as well as the development of weight loss diets and dietary therapies for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. However, there is no data currently available on the metabolic effects of RS ingestion in obese individuals or children/adolescents.