Effects of Diet on Hormones, Metabolism and Body Weight

描述(申请人提供)：近年来，儿童肥胖症的患病率急剧上升。然而，常规治疗的长期效果很差。这一竞争性续签申请的短期目标是为首席调查员、医学博士David Ludwig提供额外5年的指导和以患者为导向的研究的保护时间。在第一阶段的支持期间，路德维希博士主要负责培训10名全日制研究生、博士后研究员和初级教员。此外，他还监督了其他14名个人进行研究轮换或职业发展。在获奖期的头4年里，共发表了34篇科学论文(包括17项原创性研究)，并提交了或正在编写其他文章。在最初的授予期间，获得了两笔新的R01赠款，与其他正在进行的或现有的研究一起，为培训初级调查人员提供了出色的机会。该项目的长期指导目标是通过提供各级(本科生、医学生、住院医生、研究员和初级教员)从事最先进的临床研究的机会，帮助培训儿科肥胖和营养领域的临床科学家。长期的科学目标是探索特定饮食因素对体重调节和2型糖尿病和心脏病风险的影响，并利用这些发现设计更有效的肥胖治疗和慢性病预防方法。感兴趣的具体饮食因素包括大量营养素组成、血糖指数、纤维、乳制品、饮料消费、食品加工和产前饮食。为此，我们将采用控制喂养研究(特定目标#1)，即面向行为的门诊临床试验。 (具体目标2)和前瞻性观察分析(具体目标3)。研究环境是支持这些目标的理想环境，包括哈佛大学CTSA(“催化剂”)的存在，最近在波士顿儿童医院成立的肥胖预防中心，大量机构培训赠款的存在，患者和临床材料的出色获取，以及令人兴奋的知识环境，临床和基础研究人员在相关领域工作。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of obesity in children has increased dramatically in recent years. However, conventional treatment has had poor long-term effectiveness. The short-term goal of this competitive renewal application is to provide protected time for the Principal Investigator, David Ludwig, MD, PhD, for an additional 5 years of mentoring and patient-oriented research. During the first period of support, Dr. Ludwig had primary responsibility for the training of 10 full-time graduate students, post-doctoral fellows an junior faculty. In addition, he supervised 14 other individuals for research rotations or career development. A total of 34 scientific articles (including 17 original research studies) were published during the first 4 years of the award period, with additional articles submitted or in preparation. Two new R01 grants were obtained during the initial award period that, together with other ongoing or available studies, provide outstanding opportunities for training junior investigators. The long-term mentoring goal of this project is to help train clinical scientists inthe areas of pediatric obesity and nutrition by providing opportunities at all levels (undergraduate, medical student, resident, fellow and junior faculty) to work on state-of-the-art clinical research The long-term scientific goals are to explore the effects of specific dietary factors on body weight regulation and risk for type 2 diabetes and heart disease, and use these findings to design more effective approaches to obesity treatment and chronic disease prevention. The specific dietary factors of interest include macronutrient composition, glycemic index, fiber, dairy, beverage consumption, food processing and prenatal diet. Toward this end, we will employ controlled feeding study (Specific Aim #1), behaviorally-oriented outpatient clinical trials (Specific Aim #2) and prospective observational analyses (Specific Aim #3). The research environment is ideal to support these goals, including the presence of the Harvard CTSA ("The Catalyst"), the recent establishment of the Obesity Prevention Center at Boston Children's Hospital, the existence of numerous institutional training grants, outstanding access to patients and clinical materials, and an exciting intellectual environment with clinical and basic investigators working in related areas.