DETERMINANTS OF INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN TYPE 1 DIABETES

本子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能已经从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。列出的机构是中心的，不一定是研究者的机构。这项研究的目的是找出1型糖尿病是如何影响身体使用葡萄糖的方式的，葡萄糖是身体用来作为能量的糖。胰岛素是将葡萄糖带入细胞以提供能量所必需的激素，维持血液中葡萄糖水平正常所需的胰岛素量被称为“胰岛素敏感性”。有些人需要比其他人更多的胰岛素来保持血糖水平正常。一种叫做胰岛素钳的测试可以用来测量胰岛素敏感性。这项测试是通过将静脉注射或小塑料管插入手臂并将葡萄糖和胰岛素注入血液来完成的。医生每隔几分钟检测一次血糖水平，并调整输注的葡萄糖量以保持血糖水平不变。考试共耗时约8小时。在这项研究中，我们计划测试大约96人的胰岛素敏感性，其中一半是1型糖尿病患者，一半是没有糖尿病的正常志愿者。我们还将抽取血液样本进行测试，我们认为这些测试可能与一个人的胰岛素敏感性有关，包括血液中的脂肪、激素和免疫系统成分。我们还会测量身高和体重、腰围和臀围、全身脂肪量和腹部脂肪量。腹部的脂肪量将通过CT扫描来测量。这个测试的辐射剂量很低，但这个剂量还不到FDA每年允许的辐射量的1%。从这项研究中，我们希望了解哪些因素，如腰围、腰臀比和血液测试，可以用来预测胰岛素敏感性。我们也对相同的因素是否与1型糖尿病患者和非糖尿病志愿者的胰岛素敏感性有关感兴趣。此外，我们希望了解与非糖尿病志愿者相比，不同水平的胰岛素如何影响1型糖尿病患者从储存脂肪中释放游离脂肪酸。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The purpose of this research study is to find out how type 1 diabetes affects the way the body uses glucose, which is the sugar that the body uses for energy. The hormone insulin is needed to bring glucose into the cells to be used for energy, and the amount of insulin that is needed to keep glucose levels in the blood normal is called 'insulin sensitivity'. Some people need more insulin than others to keep blood glucose levels normal. A test called the insulin clamp can be used to measure insulin sensitivity. This test is done by putting an IV, or small plastic tube, into the arm and infusing both glucose and insulin into the blood. A doctor tests the blood glucose levels every few minutes, and adjusts the amount of glucose that is being infused to keep the blood glucose level the same. The test takes a total of about 8 hours. For this research study, we plan to test insulin sensitivity in about 96 people, half with type 1 diabetes and half normal volunteers without diabetes. We will also draw blood samples for tests that we think might be related to how insulin sensitive a person is, including fats, hormones and immune system components in the blood. We will also measure height and weight, waist and hip girth, total body fat and abdominal fat volumes. The amount of fat in the abdomen will be measured using a CT scan. This test involves a very low dose of radiation, but this dose equals less than 1% of the radiation exposure allowed every year by the FDA. From this research study, we hope to learn what factors, such as waist girth, waist to hip ratio, and blood tests, can be used to predict insulin sensitivity. We are also interested in whether the same factors are related to insulin sensitivity in people with type 1 diabetes and in non-diabetic volunteers. In addition, we hope to learn how different levels of insulin affect the release of free fatty acids from stored fats in people with type 1 diabetes compared to non-diabetic volunteers.