EFFICACY OF THE ATKINS' DIET

这个子项目是利用由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和调查员(PI)可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可能会出现在其他CRISE条目中。列出的机构是针对中心的，而不一定是针对调查员的机构。肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和高脂血症是老年人的主要问题。由于这些疾病，促进长期减肥、改善胰岛素敏感性和降低血脂水平的饮食干预非常重要。近年来，低碳水化合物饮食，如Atkins‘s，Zone和Protein Power变得非常流行。据报道，已有4000万人尝试过阿特金斯减肥法。最近的研究表明，阿特金斯饮食在减肥和改善年轻人和中年人的血脂状况方面是有效的。然而，这种饮食在内脏脂肪储备较多和胰岛素抵抗的老年人中的有效性之前还没有得到证实。我们建议将随意性阿特金斯饮食的12个月与随意性自我选择的对照饮食进行比较，并与将进行随机高碳水化合物、高纤维、低脂肪饮食的一组人进行比较。我们之前已经证明，高碳水化合物、高纤维、低脂肪的饮食将导致实质性的、统计上显著的体重减轻。提出的因变量包括身体成分变化、胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖代谢(ISGD)、食欲、静息代谢率、肌内甘油三酯(IMTG)、血脂、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶I活性、认知功能测试和全血炎症反应。年龄较大(60-85岁)、肥胖(体重指数：28-33公斤/平方米)、男性和女性将作为拟议调查的对象。我们假设，与高碳水化合物饮食相比，阿特金斯的饮食将会观察到更多的体重和脂肪减少，而高碳水化合物饮食将比对照饮食更大。此外，我们假设，由于这些饮食对减肥的影响，Atkins饮食的ISGD将比Hi-Cho饮食更大，后者将比对照治疗中观察到的更大。此外，我们假设肌内甘油三酯与ISGD呈负相关。这项研究将首次科学地检验阿特金斯饮食对老年人的疗效。由于阿特金斯饮食在年轻人和中年人中的广泛使用和最近的有益发现，以及这种饮食不符合目前改善健康的饮食指南，这项调查将对老年人肥胖和相关表现的治疗产生深远的影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia are major problems in the elderly. Because of these maladies, dietary interventions that promote long-term weight-loss, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce lipid levels are extremely important. In recent years, low-carbohydrate diets such as Atkins', Zone, and Protein Power have become extremely popular. It has been reported that 40 million people have tried the Atkins' Diet. Recent studies have shown that the Atkins' Diet is efficacious with regard to weight loss and improvements in the blood lipid profile in young and middle-aged individuals. However, the effectiveness of this diet in elderly individuals who have greater visceral fat depots and insulin resistance has not been previously demonstrated. We propose to compare 12 months of the of the ad libitum Atkins' diet to an ad libitum self-selected control diet and to a group of individuals who will undertake an ad libitum high carbohydrate, high-fiber, low-fat diet. We have previously shown that the high-carbohydrate, high-fiber, low fat diet will result in substantial and statistically significant weight-loss. Proposed dependent variables are body composition changes, insulin stimulated glucose disposal (ISGD), appetite, resting metabolic rate, intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG), blood lipids, carnitine palmitoyl transferase I activity, tests of congnitive function and the whole blood inflammatory response. Older (60-85), obese (body mass index: 28-33 kg/m2), men and women will serve as subjects in the proposed investigation. We hypothesize that greater weight, and fat losses will be observed on the Atkins' diet than the high-carbohydrate diet which will be greater than the control diet. Additionally, we hypothesize that ISGD will be greater on the Atkins' diet than the Hi-CHO diet which will be greater than that observed on the control treatment due to the effects of these diets on weight-loss. In addition, we hypothesize that intramuscular triglycerides will be inversely related to ISGD. The study will be the first to scientifically examine the efficacy of the Atkins' diet in the elderly. Because of the widespread use and recent beneficial findings regarding the Atkins' diet in younger and middle-aged individuals and since this diet does not agree with current dietary guidelines for improved health, this investigation will have profound implications for the treatment of obesity and related manifestations in the elderly.