Effects of acute alcohol intoxication on physically aggressive behavior in women

侵略是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，对肇事者，受害者和社会具有破坏性影响，仅在美国就有超过1000亿美元的相关费用。酒精是最常与暴力行为联系在一起的药物，大多数严重的暴力行为（例如，在酒精的影响下发生的。尽管相关性研究表明人际暴力发生在不同性别之间，但对攻击性的实验室研究（几乎完全依赖于社区/大学样本）未能证明酒精促进了女性的身体攻击。相比之下，实验室研究一再表明，酒精有助于那些特质攻击性高和/或执行功能低的男性的攻击性（即，计划、推理、反应抑制）。拟定项目将比较临床攻击性（根据间歇性爆发性障碍[IED]的当前诊断定义; N=75）和对照（健康志愿者：N=75）女性在给予（a）约0.90 g/kg（调整BMI）酒精、（B）活性安慰剂饮料或（c）明显标记的非酒精饮料后的身体攻击行为。研究将持续2天。第1天，受试者将完成诊断评估、相关测量和执行功能成套测试，包括：试验B、Stroop任务、条件性联想学习任务、威斯康星州卡片分类任务、Porteus迷宫和go nogo任务。在第2天，受试者将饮用酒精/安慰剂/无酒精饮料，然后在停止饮用饮料后约20分钟完成身体攻击的实验室任务-泰勒攻击范式（TAP）。TAP上的攻击性被定义为受试者对（受试者不知道的）虚构对手的电击强度。据推测，酒精将促进侵略只有妇女在简易爆炸装置的条件，酒精促进侵略将缓和执行功能。进一步了解身体攻击的历史，执行功能和酒精促进的侵略妇女之间的相互关系，将有助于指导发展的干预计划，积极的妇女和刺激更多的研究酒精促进的侵略妇女的模型。 拟议的项目将比较临床攻击性（根据目前间歇性爆炸性障碍[IED]的诊断定义）和对照组女性在服用约0.90 g/kg酒精、活性安慰剂饮料或明显标记的非酒精饮料后的身体攻击行为。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Aggression is a worldwide public health problem, with devastating effects to perpetrators, victims, and society, and with associated costs of over 100 billion dollars in the U.S. alone. Alcohol is the drug that is most commonly linked to violent behavior, with the majority of serious violent acts (e.g., homicide) occurring under the influence of alcohol. Despite correlational research showing interpersonal violence occurs across gender, laboratory studies of aggression (which rely almost exclusively on community/college samples) have failed to demonstrate alcohol-facilitated physical aggression for women. In contrast, laboratory studies have repeatedly shown that alcohol facilitates aggression in men who are high in trait aggressiveness and/or low in executive functioning (i.e., planning, reasoning, response inhibition). The proposed project will compare the physically aggressive behavior of clinically aggressive (as defined by a current diagnosis of Intermittent Explosive Disorder [IED]; N=75) and control (healthy volunteer: N=75) women after administration of either (a) approximately 0.90g/kg (adjusted for BMI) of alcohol, (b) an active placebo drink, or (c) a clearly marked non-alcoholic drink. The study will occur over 2 days. On day 1, subjects will complete a diagnostic evaluation, related measures, and an executive functioning battery that includes: trails B, Stroop task, conditional associative learning task, Wisconsin card sort task, porteus maze and the go nogo task. On day 2, subjects will consume the alcohol/placebo/no-alcohol drink, then complete a laboratory task of physical aggression - the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) approximately 20 minutes after cessation of drink consumption. Aggression on the TAP is defined as the intensity of shock the subject administers to a (unbeknownst to the subject) fictitious opponent. It is hypothesized that alcohol will facilitate aggression only for women in the IED condition, and that alcohol-facilitated aggression would be moderated by executive functioning. Furthering our understanding of the inter-relationship between history of physical aggression, executive functioning, and alcohol-facilitated aggression in women will help guide development of intervention programs for aggressive women and spur additional research into models of alcohol-facilitated aggression in women. The proposed project will compare the physically aggressive behavior of clinically aggressive (as defined by a current diagnosis of Intermittent Explosive Disorder [IED]) and control women after administration of either approximately 0.90g/kg of alcohol, an active placebo drink, or a clearly marked non-alcoholic drink.