Effects of acute alcohol intoxication on physically aggressive behavior in women

描述(申请人提供)：侵略是一个世界性的公共卫生问题，对肇事者、受害者和社会造成毁灭性的影响，仅在美国就造成超过1000亿美元的相关损失。酒精是最常见的与暴力行为有关的毒品，大多数严重的暴力行为(如杀人)都是在酒精的影响下发生的。尽管相关研究表明，人际暴力发生在性别之间，但对攻击性的实验室研究(几乎完全依赖于社区/大学样本)未能证明酒精促进了女性的身体攻击。相比之下，实验室研究一再表明，酒精促进了特质攻击性高和/或执行功能(即计划、推理、反应抑制)较低的男性的攻击性。这项拟议的项目将比较临床攻击性(根据目前诊断的间歇性爆炸性疾病[IED]；N=75)和对照组(健康志愿者：N=75)在服用(A)约0.90g/kg(根据体重指数调整)酒精、(B)活性安慰剂饮料或(C)明显标记的非酒精饮料后的身体攻击行为。这项研究将在两天内进行。在第一天，受试者将完成诊断评估、相关测量和执行功能组合，其中包括：轨迹B、Stroop任务、条件联想学习任务、威斯康星州卡片分类任务、Porteus迷宫和Go Nogo任务。在第二天，受试者将饮用酒精/安慰剂/非酒精饮料，然后在停止饮酒约20分钟后完成身体攻击的实验室任务-泰勒攻击范式(TAP)。攻击性被定义为受试者对(受试者不知道的)虚构对手施加的冲击强度。假设酒精只会促进处于简易爆炸装置条件下的女性的攻击性，而酒精促进的攻击性将通过执行功能来缓和。进一步了解身体攻击史、执行功能和酒精促进的女性攻击行为之间的相互关系，将有助于指导针对攻击性女性的干预计划的发展，并推动对酒精促进的女性攻击行为模式的更多研究。 这项拟议的项目将比较临床攻击性(根据目前诊断为间歇性爆炸性疾病[IED]的定义)和对照组女性在服用约0.90g/kg酒精、活性安慰剂饮料或明显标记的非酒精饮料后的身体攻击行为。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Aggression is a worldwide public health problem, with devastating effects to perpetrators, victims, and society, and with associated costs of over 100 billion dollars in the U.S. alone. Alcohol is the drug that is most commonly linked to violent behavior, with the majority of serious violent acts (e.g., homicide) occurring under the influence of alcohol. Despite correlational research showing interpersonal violence occurs across gender, laboratory studies of aggression (which rely almost exclusively on community/college samples) have failed to demonstrate alcohol-facilitated physical aggression for women. In contrast, laboratory studies have repeatedly shown that alcohol facilitates aggression in men who are high in trait aggressiveness and/or low in executive functioning (i.e., planning, reasoning, response inhibition). The proposed project will compare the physically aggressive behavior of clinically aggressive (as defined by a current diagnosis of Intermittent Explosive Disorder [IED]; N=75) and control (healthy volunteer: N=75) women after administration of either (a) approximately 0.90g/kg (adjusted for BMI) of alcohol, (b) an active placebo drink, or (c) a clearly marked non-alcoholic drink. The study will occur over 2 days. On day 1, subjects will complete a diagnostic evaluation, related measures, and an executive functioning battery that includes: trails B, Stroop task, conditional associative learning task, Wisconsin card sort task, porteus maze and the go nogo task. On day 2, subjects will consume the alcohol/placebo/no-alcohol drink, then complete a laboratory task of physical aggression - the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) approximately 20 minutes after cessation of drink consumption. Aggression on the TAP is defined as the intensity of shock the subject administers to a (unbeknownst to the subject) fictitious opponent. It is hypothesized that alcohol will facilitate aggression only for women in the IED condition, and that alcohol-facilitated aggression would be moderated by executive functioning. Furthering our understanding of the inter-relationship between history of physical aggression, executive functioning, and alcohol-facilitated aggression in women will help guide development of intervention programs for aggressive women and spur additional research into models of alcohol-facilitated aggression in women. The proposed project will compare the physically aggressive behavior of clinically aggressive (as defined by a current diagnosis of Intermittent Explosive Disorder [IED]) and control women after administration of either approximately 0.90g/kg of alcohol, an active placebo drink, or a clearly marked non-alcoholic drink.