Effects of acute alcohol intoxication on physically aggressive behavior in women

描述（由申请人提供）：侵略是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，对肇事者、受害者和社会都有毁灭性的影响，仅在美国就造成了超过1000亿美元的相关成本。酒精是最常与暴力行为联系在一起的毒品，大多数严重的暴力行为（如杀人）都是在酒精的影响下发生的。尽管相关研究表明人际暴力发生在不同性别之间，但攻击的实验室研究（几乎完全依赖于社区/大学样本）未能证明酒精促进了女性的身体攻击。相反，实验室研究一再表明，酒精会促进攻击性特征高和/或执行功能（即计划、推理、反应抑制）低的男性的攻击性。拟议的项目将比较临床攻击性（目前诊断为间歇性爆发障碍[IED]； N=75）和对照组（健康志愿者：N=75）妇女在服用(a)大约0.90g/kg（根据BMI调整）酒精，(b)有效安慰剂饮料，或(c)明显标记的无酒精饮料后的身体攻击行为。研究将在2天内进行。在第一天，受试者将完成诊断评估、相关测量和执行功能测试，包括：trails B、Stroop任务、条件联想学习任务、Wisconsin卡片分类任务、porteus迷宫和go nogo任务。在第2天，受试者将饮用酒精/安慰剂/无酒精饮料，然后在停止饮酒约20分钟后完成身体攻击的实验室任务-泰勒攻击范式（TAP）。在TAP测试中，攻击性被定义为受试者对虚构对手（受试者不知道的）施加的电击强度。假设酒精只会促进IED条件下的女性的攻击，并且酒精促进的攻击会被执行功能所缓和。进一步了解女性身体攻击史、执行功能和酒精促进攻击之间的相互关系，将有助于指导针对攻击性女性的干预计划的发展，并刺激对女性酒精促进攻击模型的进一步研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Aggression is a worldwide public health problem, with devastating effects to perpetrators, victims, and society, and with associated costs of over 100 billion dollars in the U.S. alone. Alcohol is the drug that is most commonly linked to violent behavior, with the majority of serious violent acts (e.g., homicide) occurring under the influence of alcohol. Despite correlational research showing interpersonal violence occurs across gender, laboratory studies of aggression (which rely almost exclusively on community/college samples) have failed to demonstrate alcohol-facilitated physical aggression for women. In contrast, laboratory studies have repeatedly shown that alcohol facilitates aggression in men who are high in trait aggressiveness and/or low in executive functioning (i.e., planning, reasoning, response inhibition). The proposed project will compare the physically aggressive behavior of clinically aggressive (as defined by a current diagnosis of Intermittent Explosive Disorder [IED]; N=75) and control (healthy volunteer: N=75) women after administration of either (a) approximately 0.90g/kg (adjusted for BMI) of alcohol, (b) an active placebo drink, or (c) a clearly marked non-alcoholic drink. The study will occur over 2 days. On day 1, subjects will complete a diagnostic evaluation, related measures, and an executive functioning battery that includes: trails B, Stroop task, conditional associative learning task, Wisconsin card sort task, porteus maze and the go nogo task. On day 2, subjects will consume the alcohol/placebo/no-alcohol drink, then complete a laboratory task of physical aggression - the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) approximately 20 minutes after cessation of drink consumption. Aggression on the TAP is defined as the intensity of shock the subject administers to a (unbeknownst to the subject) fictitious opponent. It is hypothesized that alcohol will facilitate aggression only for women in the IED condition, and that alcohol-facilitated aggression would be moderated by executive functioning. Furthering our understanding of the inter-relationship between history of physical aggression, executive functioning, and alcohol-facilitated aggression in women will help guide development of intervention programs for aggressive women and spur additional research into models of alcohol-facilitated aggression in women. The proposed project will compare the physically aggressive behavior of clinically aggressive (as defined by a current diagnosis of Intermittent Explosive Disorder [IED]) and control women after administration of either approximately 0.90g/kg of alcohol, an active placebo drink, or a clearly marked non-alcoholic drink.