Study Of Physical Activities In The Blsa

在过去的几年里，我们研究了巴尔的摩老龄化纵向研究受试者自我报告的身体活动水平。年龄的增长与身体活动、心血管健康、肌肉力量和肌肉质量的下降有关。这些变化导致老年人的肌肉减少和虚弱。我们一直感兴趣的是如何改变身体活动对这些其他活动相关的过程的影响。在过去的一年里，我们报告了活动问卷管理的主题在巴尔的摩纵向研究老化超过40年。根据MET单位中公布的强度水平，将97项活动分为三类：低水平活动（<4 METS）、中等水平活动（4-6 METS）和高水平活动（>6 METS）。我们研究了1359名男性在1958年至1998年期间接受一次或多次评估的闲暇时间体育活动（LTPA）的长期趋势，以及1978年至1998年期间接受评估的840名女性。对LTPA的评价是每十年的平均值。根据广泛宣传的参与体育活动的建议，评估了每十年久坐不动生活方式的流行程度。所有分析都根据几十年来的年龄，教育和种族差异进行了调整。从20世纪60年代到20世纪90年代，男性的中位高强度LTPA（定义为活动>6 METS）从30分钟/天增加到80分钟/天（p<0.01），但在20世纪70年代和20世纪90年代之间没有变化。s在女人身上。中等强度LTPA（定义为4-5.9 METS）在这些期间在两种性别中均未发生显著变化。久坐不动的男性（定义为每天进行< 40 MET分钟的高强度LTPA的人）的百分比在四十年中下降，而女性的百分比没有显著变化。对于60岁以上的患者，高强度LTPA的时间趋势与总体样本相似。相比之下，在这些时期，男性吸烟率从35%下降到<10%，女性从24%下降到5%。在这个广泛的年龄范围内的健康意识样本中，国家建议似乎在减少久坐不动的成年人比例方面取得了适度的进展。 如何增加身体活动的参与已成为一个重大的健康问题。答案将在于提供各种允许个性化的方案。我们报告了一项干预措施，探讨了增加膝关节骨关节炎患者活动的替代方法。在一项初步研究中，对两组受试者进行了评估。第一组参与了一个教育项目，而第二组参与了教育项目，此外还提供了一个计步器来评估他们的日常活动。计步器的使用与这些患者步行量和速度的增加有关。目前，一个项目正在进行中，我们正在使用相同的策略，并将其应用于不符合2英里跑步健身要求的军事预备役人员。我们的目标是通过让他们更清楚地意识到自己实际上在做什么来提高他们的整体活动水平，并设定合理的目标，在他们忙碌的日程安排中增加活动。

Over the past several years, we have studied self reported levels of physical activity in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging subjects. Increasing age is associated with a decline in physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and muscle mass. These changes contribute to sarcopenia and frailty in the elderly. We have been interested in how changing physical activity impacts on these other activity related processes. In the last year, we have reported on the activity questionnaire administered to subjects in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging over 4 decades. The 97 activities were divided into three categories based on published levels of intensity in MET units: low level activity (<4 METS), moderate level activity (4-6 METS), and high level activity (>6 METS). We examined secular trends in leisure time physical activities (LTPA) in 1359 men from who were evaluated one or more times over the period from 1958 to 1998 and 840 women from 1978 to 1998. Evaluations of LTPA were averaged for each decade. The prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle in each decade was assessed based on compliance with widely publicized recommendations for participation in physical activity. All analyses were adjusted for age, education and race differences across decades. Median high intensity LTPA, defined as activities >6 METS, increased from 30 to 80 MET-minutes/day from the 1960's to the 1990's for men (p<0.01) but did not change between the 1970's and the 199'?s in women. Moderate intensity LTPA, defined as 4-5.9 METS, did not change significantly over these periods in either sex. The percentage of sedentary men, defined as those performing < 40 MET-minutes/day of high intensity LTPA, declined across the four decades whereas for women it did not change significantly. For those over 60 years old, time trends in high intensity LTPA resembled those for the overall sample. In contrast, smoking rates declined from 35% to <10% in men and from 24% to 5% in women over these periods. In this health conscious sample across a broad age range, national recommendations appear to have made modest progress in decreasing the proportion of sedentary adults. How to increase participation in physical activity has become a major health issue. The answer will lie in offering a variety of programs that allow for individualization. We reported an intervention that explored an alternative approach to increase activity in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. In a pilot study, two groups of subjects were evaluated. The first participated in an educational program while the second had the educational program and in addition were supplied with a pedometer to assess their daily activities. The use of the pedometer was associated with an increase in the amount and speed of walking done by these patients. At present, a project is underway where we are using the same strategy and applying it to military reservist who do not meet fitness requirements for a 2 mile run. The goal is to increase their overall activity levels by making them more aware of what they are actually performing, and to set reasonable goals to increase activity during the course of their busy schedules.