Study Of Physical Activities In The Blsa

在过去的几年里，我们研究了巴尔的摩纵向衰老研究对象自我报告的身体活动水平。年龄的增长与身体活动、心血管健康、肌肉力量和肌肉质量的下降有关。这些变化导致老年人肌肉减少症和虚弱。我们一直对改变体育活动如何影响其他与活动相关的过程感兴趣。在过去的一年里，我们报告了在巴尔的摩老龄化纵向研究中对受试者进行的活动问卷调查。根据公布的MET单位强度水平，将97项活动分为三类：低水平活动（<4 METS），中等水平活动（4-6 METS）和高水平活动（bbb6 METS）。我们研究了1359名男性和840名女性在1958年至1998年期间的休闲时间体育活动（LTPA）的长期趋势，这些男性和女性在1978年至1998年间进行了一次或多次评估。LTPA的评价是每十年的平均值。每十年久坐不动的生活方式的流行程度是根据对参与体育活动的广泛宣传的建议的遵守情况来评估的。所有的分析都根据几十年来的年龄、教育和种族差异进行了调整。从20世纪60年代到90年代，男性的中位高强度LTPA（定义为活动bb0.6 met）从30 met -分钟/天增加到80 met -分钟/天（p<0.01），但在20世纪70年代到20世纪90年代之间没有变化。女人是S。中等强度LTPA，定义为4-5.9 METS，在这段时间内男女均无显著变化。久坐不动的男性（定义为每天进行< 40 met -分钟高强度LTPA的男性）的百分比在四十年中有所下降，而女性则没有显著变化。对于60岁以上的人，高强度LTPA的时间趋势与总体样本相似。相比之下，在此期间，男性吸烟率从35%下降到10%以下，女性吸烟率从24%下降到5%。在这个广泛年龄范围的健康意识样本中，国家建议似乎在减少久坐成年人比例方面取得了适度进展。

Over the past several years, we have studied self reported levels of physical activity in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging subjects. Increasing age is associated with a decline in physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and muscle mass. These changes contribute to sarcopenia and frailty in the elderly. We have been interested in how changing physical activity impacts on these other activity related processes. In the last year, we have reported on the activity questionnaire administered to subjects in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging over 4 decades. The 97 activities were divided into three categories based on published levels of intensity in MET units: low level activity (<4 METS), moderate level activity (4-6 METS), and high level activity (>6 METS). We examined secular trends in leisure time physical activities (LTPA) in 1359 men from who were evaluated one or more times over the period from 1958 to 1998 and 840 women from 1978 to 1998. Evaluations of LTPA were averaged for each decade. The prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle in each decade was assessed based on compliance with widely publicized recommendations for participation in physical activity. All analyses were adjusted for age, education and race differences across decades. Median high intensity LTPA, defined as activities >6 METS, increased from 30 to 80 MET-minutes/day from the 1960's to the 1990's for men (p<0.01) but did not change between the 1970's and the 199'?s in women. Moderate intensity LTPA, defined as 4-5.9 METS, did not change significantly over these periods in either sex. The percentage of sedentary men, defined as those performing < 40 MET-minutes/day of high intensity LTPA, declined across the four decades whereas for women it did not change significantly. For those over 60 years old, time trends in high intensity LTPA resembled those for the overall sample. In contrast, smoking rates declined from 35% to <10% in men and from 24% to 5% in women over these periods. In this health conscious sample across a broad age range, national recommendations appear to have made modest progress in decreasing the proportion of sedentary adults. How to increase participation in physical activity has become a major health issue. The answer will lie in offering a variety of programs that allow for individualization. We reported an intervention that explored an alternative approach to increase activity in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. In a pilot study, two groups of subjects were evaluated. The first participated in an educational program while the second had the educational program and in addition were supplied with a pedometer to assess their daily activities. The use of the pedometer was associated with an increase in the amount and speed of walking done by these patients. At present, a project is underway where we are using the same strategy and applying it to military reservist who do not meet fitness requirements for a 2 mile run. The goal is to increase their overall activity levels by making them more aware of what they are actually performing, and to set reasonable goals to increase activity during the course of their busy schedules.