STUDY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES IN THE BLSA

BLSA 身体活动研究

• 批准号: 6288723
• 负责人: Earl Jeffrey Metter
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6288723
• 关键词: age difference; aging; body physical activity; cardiovascular function; clinical research; gender difference; human subject; longevity; longitudinal human study; oxygen consumption; physical fitness; questionnaires; respiratory airway volume

Dr. Laura Talbot, Assistant Professor of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University has worked with us to examine what contribution physical activity has on cardiovascular fitness as estimated by VO2max. Based on currently accepted estimates of oxygen utilization for specific physical activities, the time Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging subjects spent doing 100 activities was converted to METS*minutes. METS is a standard way to express oxygen utilization that adjusts for body size. The 100 activities were then divided into three categories: low level activity (<4 METS), moderate level activity (4-6 METS), and high level activity (>6 METS). Univariate analysis found that cardiovascular fitness was significantly correlated with high level activity (r=.32), moderate level activity (r=.15), body size (BMI) (r=-.32), and age (r=- .58). In multivariate analysis with these variables, physical activity independently explained 1.6% of the variance in VO2max while sharing about 10% of the variance with age and BMI. Using the regression models, we estimate that for an average individual to increase there VO2max 10% requires 35-40 minutes a day of high level activity and 150 minutes a day of moderate level activity. These calculations support the general concept of the recent Surgeon General recommendations for daily physical activity. Currently, we are examining whether the level of cardivascular fitness or physical activity are risk factors for mortality. Cardiovascular fitness, as assesse by VO2max, is a strong independent contributor to both all cause and cardiac mortality. Physical activity is important, not to the same degree as fitness. The Physical Functioning Inventory (PFI) was developed by the laboratory to assesses self-reported functioning in 5 areas: Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Mobility, and Moderate and Strenuous Activity. The goal was to develop an instrument that would be sensitive to early functional changes across the life span, and would detect how individuals modify how they do activities as they age. The questionnaire has been used to study inactive BLSA participants, and to compare them to the active population. Functional changes are found to begin by age 50 in many of our participants. The early changes are not disabling, but require modifications in how some activities are accomplished. In all 5 areas, partially active BLSA participants have higher levels of difficulty than fully active participants, but the difference increases with age, particularly after age 75. The largest differences were observed in the IADL and ADL categories. Women report relatively more difficulty, especially in activities dependent on upper body strength. We are currently working to shorten the questionnaire in order to make it easier to administer and to interpret.Studies are underway to examine the relationship of physical activity to physical functioning (PFI) and mortality. The goal is to define, where possible, the levels of physical activity required to minimize functional limitations and maximize longevity. - physical activity cardiovascular fitness - Human Subjects

约翰霍普金斯大学护理学助理教授Laura塔尔博特博士与我们一起研究了身体活动对最大摄氧量估计的心血管健康的贡献。根据目前公认的特定体力活动的氧利用率估计值，将巴尔的摩老龄化受试者进行100项活动所花费的时间转换为METS* 分钟。METS是一种表示氧气利用率的标准方法，可根据体型进行调整。然后将100种活动分为三类：低水平活动（<4 METS）、中等水平活动（4-6 METS）和高水平活动（>6 METS）。单变量分析发现，心血管健康与高水平活动（r= 0.32）、中等水平活动（r= 0.15）、体型（BMI）（r=-0.32）和年龄（r=-0.58）显著相关。在这些变量的多变量分析中，体力活动独立解释了VO 2 max的1.6%的方差，而年龄和BMI的方差约为10%。使用回归模型，我们估计，对于一个普通人来说，要将VO 2 max提高10%，每天需要35-40分钟的高水平活动和150分钟的中等水平活动。这些计算支持最近外科医生一般建议的日常体力活动的一般概念。目前，我们正在研究心血管健康水平或身体活动是否是死亡率的危险因素。以最大摄氧量评估的心血管健康是全因死亡率和心源性死亡率的一个强有力的独立因素。身体活动很重要，但与健康程度不同。身体功能量表（PFI）是由实验室开发的，用于评估5个领域的自我报告功能：日常生活活动，日常生活的工具活动，流动性以及中度和剧烈活动。他们的目标是开发一种仪器，对整个生命周期的早期功能变化敏感，并检测个体如何随着年龄的增长而改变他们的活动方式。该问卷已被用来研究非活跃的BLSA参与者，并将他们与活跃人口进行比较。在我们的许多参与者中，发现功能变化开始于50岁。早期的更改并不是禁用，而是需要修改某些活动的完成方式。在所有5个领域，部分活跃的BLSA参与者比完全活跃的参与者有更高的难度水平，但差异随着年龄的增长而增加，特别是在75岁之后。在IADL和ADL类别中观察到最大的差异。女性报告的困难相对较多，特别是在依靠上身力量的活动中。我们目前正在努力缩短问卷，以便更容易管理和解释。正在进行研究，以检查身体活动与身体功能（PFI）和死亡率的关系。目标是在可能的情况下，确定最大限度地减少功能限制和最大限度地延长寿命所需的体力活动水平。- 体力活动心血管健康-人类受试者