Surface Myoelectric Control of Hand Prothetics

描述（由申请人提供）：目前大约有50万上肢截肢者居住在美国；每年新增18000名上肢截肢者。失去上肢会导致一个人的生活质量急剧下降，并带来巨大的身体和心理挑战。大多数截肢者由于功能受限，只能使用机械钩或被动的假手。电动抓取手是可用的，但由于其笨重的控制机制，其使用受到限制。因此，我们建议开发一种无创表面肌电信号解码器和控制器（secac），用于目前可用的电动抓取手。它采用特征提取器和人工神经网络分类器来估计手部的预期动作。这将使假手的直观控制成为可能。我们第一阶段的工作重点是开发和验证secac，用于实时解码和控制双功能假肢。与目前的技术相比，这提供了三个关键优势：1)每种运动都能直观地激活肌肉群；2)从一个动作平稳过渡到另一个动作；3)学习能力，将训练的负担从患者转移到假肢。我们的第二阶段工作建立在此基础上，结合降维算法来提高准确性，减少延迟，并实现对4个额外手部功能的直观控制。这将允许目前正在开发的下一代灵巧假肢手的驱动。通过这些进步，我们希望为上肢截肢者的生活质量带来急需的改善。公共卫生相关性：该项目将通过表面肌电图（EMG）为经桡骨截肢者提供对当代义肢的直观控制。该技术还将为全灵巧假肢的表面肌电控制奠定基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There are approximately 500,000 upper extremity amputees currently living in the United States; with 18,000 new upper extremity amputees added each year. The loss of an upper limb causes a person's quality of life to plummet and brings about massive physical and psychosocial challenges. The majority of amputees are hampered by restricted functionality and use a mechanical hook or a passive, cosmetic hand. Electric Grabber hands are available, but their use is limited due to a cumbersome control mechanism. Therefore, we propose to develop a noninvasive Surface EMG Decoder And Controller (SEDAC) for use in currently available Electric Grabber hands. It employs a feature extractor and an artificial neural network classifier to estimate intended hand movements. This will enable intuitive control of the prosthetic hand. Our Phase I effort is focused on the development and validation of SEDAC for real-time decoding and control of a two-function prosthesis. This offers three key advantages over current technology: 1) intuitive activation of muscle groups for each kind of movement; 2) smooth transition from one movement to another; and 3) a learning capacity which transfers the burden of training from the patient to the prosthetic. Our Phase II effort builds upon this to incorporate dimensionality reducing algorithms to improve accuracy, reduce latency, and enable intuitive control of 4 additional hand functions. This will allow for actuation of next- generation dexterous prosthetic hands which are currently under development. Through these advances, we hope to bring about a much needed improvement in the quality of life for upper extremity amputees. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will provide trans-radial amputees with intuitive control of current generation prosthetics using surface electromyography (EMG). The technology will also provide a foundation for surface EMG control of fully dexterous prosthetics.