Surface Myoelectric Control of Hand Prothetics

描述(申请人提供)：目前大约有500,000名上肢截肢者生活在美国；每年新增18,000名上肢截肢者。失去上肢会导致一个人的生活质量直线下降，并带来巨大的身体和心理社会挑战。大多数截肢者受到功能限制的阻碍，使用机械钩或被动的整形手。电动抓手是可用的，但由于控制机制繁琐，其使用受到限制。因此，我们建议开发一种非侵入性表面肌电解码器和控制器(SEDAC)，用于目前可用的电动抓手。它采用特征提取和人工神经网络分类器来估计预期的手部动作。这将使对假手的直观控制成为可能。我们的第一阶段工作集中在SEDAC的开发和验证上，用于实时解码和控制双功能假体。这比目前的技术提供了三个关键的优势：1)每种运动的肌肉群的直观激活；2)从一种运动到另一种运动的平稳过渡；以及3)将训练的负担从患者转移到假肢的学习能力。我们的第二阶段工作建立在此基础上，整合降维算法以提高精度、减少延迟并实现对4个额外手部功能的直观控制。这将允许驱动目前正在开发的下一代灵巧假手。通过这些进展，我们希望为上肢截肢者带来亟需的生活质量改善。公共卫生相关性：该项目将使用表面肌电图仪(EMG)为横断面截肢者提供对当前一代假体的直观控制。该技术还将为全灵巧假体的表面肌电控制提供基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There are approximately 500,000 upper extremity amputees currently living in the United States; with 18,000 new upper extremity amputees added each year. The loss of an upper limb causes a person's quality of life to plummet and brings about massive physical and psychosocial challenges. The majority of amputees are hampered by restricted functionality and use a mechanical hook or a passive, cosmetic hand. Electric Grabber hands are available, but their use is limited due to a cumbersome control mechanism. Therefore, we propose to develop a noninvasive Surface EMG Decoder And Controller (SEDAC) for use in currently available Electric Grabber hands. It employs a feature extractor and an artificial neural network classifier to estimate intended hand movements. This will enable intuitive control of the prosthetic hand. Our Phase I effort is focused on the development and validation of SEDAC for real-time decoding and control of a two-function prosthesis. This offers three key advantages over current technology: 1) intuitive activation of muscle groups for each kind of movement; 2) smooth transition from one movement to another; and 3) a learning capacity which transfers the burden of training from the patient to the prosthetic. Our Phase II effort builds upon this to incorporate dimensionality reducing algorithms to improve accuracy, reduce latency, and enable intuitive control of 4 additional hand functions. This will allow for actuation of next- generation dexterous prosthetic hands which are currently under development. Through these advances, we hope to bring about a much needed improvement in the quality of life for upper extremity amputees. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will provide trans-radial amputees with intuitive control of current generation prosthetics using surface electromyography (EMG). The technology will also provide a foundation for surface EMG control of fully dexterous prosthetics.