Associative Basis of Conditioned Reinforcement

条件强化的关联基础

• 批准号: 7423912
• 负责人: Kathryn A Burke
• 金额: $ 2.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-18 至 2010-04-17
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7423912
• 关键词: Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Condition; Cues; Drug Addiction; Emotional; Environment; Feeling; Fire - disasters; Food; Human; Lead; Learning; Lesion; Mediating; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Outcome; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Procedures; Process; Property; Psychological reinforcement; Rattus; Relapse; Role; Shorthand; Stimulus; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Ventral Striatum; base; classical conditioning; design; drug craving; interest; neural circuit; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sex

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The studies in this proposal are designed to explore the associative, circuit and neural basis of conditioned reinforcement (CRf). CRf is the process by which a cue gains significance through pairing with a primary reinforcer, i.e. food or drugs to support behavior in the absence of the primary reinforcer. CRf may be important to normal and maladaptive human behavior, such as drug addiction, where cues present in a drug taking environment can later support drug-seeking and even relapse. These cues may become associated with the outcome itself (primary reinforcer, i.e. drug) and/or the general affect (a feeling or an emotional tone) associated with that outcome. Using learning tasks we will create cues with more selective or biased representations to tease apart the specific representations underlying conditioned reinforcers. Furthermore, using lesion and behavioral recording techniques, we will identify how critical learning areas, such as basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex, mediate CRf supported by different types of associative learning. The design of this proposal will lead to a greater understanding of the associative and neural basis of normal and pathological human behavior. Conditioned reinforcement is widely studied in the drug addiction field. Cues associated with drug-taking, after periods of withdraw! are able to evoke or support drug-craving, seeking and taking behavior. We hope to further elucidate, in this proposal, what properties underlie such contextual cues, acting conditioned reinforcers, which may lead to destructive behavior.

描述(由申请人提供)：本方案中的研究旨在探索条件性强化(CRF)的联想、回路和神经基础。CRF是一种线索通过与初级强化物配对而获得意义的过程，即在缺少初级强化物的情况下支持行为的食物或药物。CRF对正常和不适应的人类行为可能很重要，比如吸毒成瘾，在吸毒环境中出现的线索可能会支持以后寻求毒品，甚至复发。这些提示可能与结果本身(主要增强剂，即药物)和/或与该结果相关的一般情绪(一种感觉或情绪基调)相关联。使用学习任务，我们将创建具有更多选择性或有偏见的表征的线索，以梳理条件强化下的特定表征。此外，使用损伤和行为记录技术，我们将确定关键学习区域，如杏仁基底外侧核和眶前皮质，如何调节由不同类型的联想学习支持的CRF。这一建议的设计将使人们更好地理解正常和病态人类行为的联想和神经基础。条件性强化在药物成瘾领域得到了广泛的研究。与吸毒有关的线索，在戒毒一段时间后！能够唤起或支持对毒品的渴望、寻求和服用行为。我们希望在这项提案中进一步阐明，在这种背景线索下，作用于条件性增强剂的特性是什么，这些特性可能导致破坏性行为。