Associative Basis of Conditioned Reinforcement

条件强化的关联基础

• 批准号: 7617564
• 负责人: Kathryn A Burke
• 金额: $ 1.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-04-18 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7617564
• 关键词: Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cues; Drug Addiction; Emotional; Environment; Feeling; Food; Human; Lead; Learning; Lesion; Mediating; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Outcome; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Procedures; Process; Property; Psychological reinforcement; Rattus; Relapse; Role; Shorthand; Stimulus; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Ventral Striatum; base; classical conditioning; design; drug craving; interest; neural circuit; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sex

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The studies in this proposal are designed to explore the associative, circuit and neural basis of conditioned reinforcement (CRf). CRf is the process by which a cue gains significance through pairing with a primary reinforcer, i.e. food or drugs to support behavior in the absence of the primary reinforcer. CRf may be important to normal and maladaptive human behavior, such as drug addiction, where cues present in a drug taking environment can later support drug-seeking and even relapse. These cues may become associated with the outcome itself (primary reinforcer, i.e. drug) and/or the general affect (a feeling or an emotional tone) associated with that outcome. Using learning tasks we will create cues with more selective or biased representations to tease apart the specific representations underlying conditioned reinforcers. Furthermore, using lesion and behavioral recording techniques, we will identify how critical learning areas, such as basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex, mediate CRf supported by different types of associative learning. The design of this proposal will lead to a greater understanding of the associative and neural basis of normal and pathological human behavior. Conditioned reinforcement is widely studied in the drug addiction field. Cues associated with drug-taking, after periods of withdraw! are able to evoke or support drug-craving, seeking and taking behavior. We hope to further elucidate, in this proposal, what properties underlie such contextual cues, acting conditioned reinforcers, which may lead to destructive behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的研究旨在探索条件强化（CRf）的联想，电路和神经基础。CRf是一个线索通过与主要强化物配对而获得重要性的过程，即在缺乏主要强化物的情况下，食物或药物支持行为。CRf可能对正常和不适应的人类行为很重要，例如吸毒成瘾，在吸毒环境中存在的线索可能会支持药物寻求甚至复发。这些线索可能与结果本身（主要强化物，如药物）和/或与结果相关的一般影响（一种感觉或情绪基调）有关。使用学习任务，我们将创建具有更多选择性或偏见表征的线索，以梳理条件强化因素背后的特定表征。此外，使用损伤和行为记录技术，我们将确定关键的学习区域，如基底外侧杏仁核和眶额皮质，如何介导不同类型的联想学习支持的CRf。这一建议的设计将导致对正常和病理人类行为的联想和神经基础有更大的理解。条件强化在药物成瘾领域得到了广泛的研究。戒断一段时间后，与吸毒有关的线索！能够唤起或支持药物渴望，寻求和服用行为。我们希望进一步阐明，在这个建议中，是什么性质的背景线索，作用条件强化，这可能导致破坏性行为。