Automated biogeochemical sensing of icy ecosystems (resubmitted)

冰冷生态系统的自动生物地球化学传感（重新提交）

• 批准号: EP/D057620/1
• 负责人: Jemma Wadham
• 金额: $ 72.14万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FD057620%2F1
• 关键词: Automated; biogeochemical; sensing; icy; ecosystems

Icy ecosystems (e.g. glacier, snow, sea ice, frozen lakes) remain the least explored sector of the cold biosphere, yet are now known to be inhabited by significant populations of microorganisms. They are the closest models we have for habitats on other planets and may have been refuges for life during periods of extreme cold in Earth's history. Because of the extreme environmental conditions present (cold, desiccation, high radiation, high pressure and physical abrasion by meltwater/ice) few sensors are developed for these environments and most investigations to date have involved hand-sampling and laboratory analysis of samples. These rudimentary sampling methods yield only limited information and are inappropriate for investigating the more remote deep sub-surface environments, such as lakes beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Significant innovation in the field of chemical/biosensor development is essential for controls on microbial activity in icy environments to be understood, and in order to engage fully in the future exploration of Antarctic subglacial lakes and sub-ice water bodies on other planets (e.g. Mars, Jovian moons). The Principle Investigator has extensive experience in sensor deployment and biogeochemical monitoring in extreme cold environments, including the glacial field site, and will organize and lead a core team of experts to develop the first generation of chemical/biosensors for high resolution monitoring of icy ecosystems. The sensor testing site is a glacier, Engabreen (Norway), where environmental stresses common to a range of icy ecosystems are present. A unique aspect of this site is the exploitation of the Svartisen subglacial laboratory, where tunnels bored in bedrock beneath the glacier enable relatively straight-forward emplacement of sensors in the high stress subsurface environment. This work will provide a platform for the future development of a larger research group focused on biogeochemical sensing of the cryosphere and the acquisition of further funding from a variety of sources.

冰冷的生态系统（如冰川、雪、海冰、冰冻湖泊）仍然是寒冷生物圈中探索最少的部分，但现在已知有大量微生物居住。它们是我们在其他行星上找到的最接近栖息地的模型，可能是地球历史上极端寒冷时期生命的避难所。由于目前的极端环境条件（寒冷、干燥、高辐射、高压和融水/冰的物理磨损），针对这些环境开发的传感器很少，迄今为止大多数调查都涉及手工采样和实验室分析样品。这些基本的采样方法只能提供有限的信息，并且不适合调查更遥远的深层地下环境，例如南极冰盖下的湖泊。化学/生物传感器开发领域的重大创新对于了解冰环境中微生物活动的控制至关重要，并且为了充分参与未来对其他行星（例如火星，木星卫星）上南极冰下湖泊和冰下水体的探索。首席研究员在极端寒冷环境（包括冰川野外）的传感器部署和生物地球化学监测方面拥有丰富的经验，并将组织和领导一个核心专家团队开发第一代化学/生物传感器，用于高分辨率监测冰冻生态系统。传感器的测试地点是挪威Engabreen的一个冰川，在那里存在着一系列冰生态系统共同面临的环境压力。该基地的一个独特之处在于对Svartisen冰下实验室的开发，在冰川下的基岩中钻孔的隧道可以在高应力的地下环境中相对直接地放置传感器。这项工作将为一个更大的研究小组的未来发展提供一个平台，该小组专注于冰冻圈的生物地球化学传感，并从各种来源获得进一步的资金。

项目成果

Response of Antarctic cryoconite microbial communities to light.

• DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw076
• 发表时间: 2016-06
• 期刊: FEMS microbiology ecology
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Bagshaw EA;Wadham JL;Tranter M;Perkins R;Morgan A;Williamson CJ;Fountain AG;Fitzsimons S;Dubnick A
• 通讯作者: Dubnick A

Demonstration of a multi-technique approach to assess glacial microbial populations in the field

演示现场评估冰川微生物种群的多种技术方法

• DOI: 10.1017/jog.2016.23
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Journal of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: BARNETT M

High-resolution monitoring reveals dissolved oxygen dynamics in an Antarctic cryoconite hole

• DOI: 10.1002/hyp.8049
• 发表时间: 2011-08-30
• 期刊: HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Bagshaw, E. A.;Tranter, M.;Mowlem, M.
• 通讯作者: Mowlem, M.

Processes controlling carbon cycling in Antarctic glacier surface ecosystems

• DOI: 10.7185/geochemlet.1605
• 发表时间: 2016-01-01
• 期刊: GEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES LETTERS
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Bagshaw, E. A.;Tranter, M.;Fitzsimons, S.
• 通讯作者: Fitzsimons, S.

E-tracers: Development of a low cost wireless technique for exploring sub-surface hydrological systems

电子示踪剂：开发用于探索地下水文系统的低成本无线技术

• DOI: 10.1002/hyp.9451
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Hydrological Processes
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Bagshaw E