CASCADA - Toxin or Treat?

CASCADA - 毒素还是治疗？

• 批准号: NE/S013288/1
• 负责人: Jemma Wadham
• 金额: $ 56.06万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FS013288%2F1
• 关键词: CASCADA; Toxin; Treat

The most sensitive glaciers to climate warming in the 21st century are situated in tropical mountain regions, and thus, serve as valuable sentinels of climate change. Most attention to date has focused on the quantity of meltwater released from these glaciers, because of the impact on global sea level and water security. The concurrent changes in water quality are much more poorly constrained, but have implications for drinking water, agriculture and industry. Peru holds 71% of all tropical glaciers, all of which have undergone high rates of mass loss and retreat in the last two decades. However, certain rivers fed by glacial meltwater are becoming acidic, with concentrations of metals often above World Health Organisation standards. This is thought due to the exposure of metal-rich (sulphidic) rocks in retreating glacier forefields, which release sulphuric acid and metals once oxidised - this acidity can no longer be neutralized by the intense chemical weathering which takes place beneath glaciers. The overarching hypothesis that CASCADA will test is that glaciated catchments in the Cordillera Blanca are evolving along a trajectory from pristine conditions, where glacial runoff is an important nutrient source for downstream ecosystems ("treat"), to those in which the same runoff is toxic to ecosystems and human health ("toxin"). CASCADA unites Peruvian experts in water resources, glaciology and ecology with UK geochemists, glaciologists and technologists to investigate and generate solutions to the cascading impacts of glacier retreat on water quality in Cordillera Blanca rivers. It employs cutting edge in situ monitoring technologies to capture first time data on the year-round quality of Cordillera Blanca rivers and to develop and test a novel wetland management model to remediate rivers with high metal toxicity. A strong partnership with local water users' committees under a citizen science scheme and the formation of an engagement board with governmental institutions and local communities will ensure capacity building and the transfer of technology for integrated wetland management and water quality reporting. Thus, CASCADA provides the transformative process understanding required to deliver a step jump in our ability to predict water quality evolution in deglaciating terrains and to develop effective solutions to toxic catchments.

21世纪对气候变暖最敏感的冰川位于热带山区，因此是气候变化的宝贵哨兵。由于对全球海平面和水安全的影响，迄今为止大多数注意力都集中在这些冰川释放的融水数量上。水质的同时变化受到的限制要少得多，但对饮用水、农业和工业有影响。秘鲁拥有所有热带冰川的71%，在过去的二十年里，所有这些冰川都经历了高速率的质量损失和退缩。然而，某些由冰川融水注入的河流正在变酸，金属浓度往往超过世界卫生组织的标准。这被认为是由于富含金属（硫化物）的岩石暴露在退缩的冰川前沿，一旦氧化就会释放出硫酸和金属-这种酸性不再能被冰川下发生的强烈化学风化所中和。CASCADA将测试的首要假设是，在科迪勒拉布兰卡冰川流域正在演变沿着一条轨迹从原始条件，冰川径流是下游生态系统的重要营养源（“治疗”），在那些相同的径流是有毒的生态系统和人类健康（“毒素”）。CASCADA将秘鲁水资源、冰川学和生态学专家与英国地球化学家、冰川学家和技术专家联合起来，调查冰川退缩对科迪勒拉布兰卡河水质的级联影响，并提出解决方案。它采用先进的原位监测技术，以捕获有关科迪勒拉布兰卡河流全年质量的第一时间数据，并开发和测试一种新的湿地管理模式，以修复具有高金属毒性的河流。在公民科学计划下与当地水用户委员会建立强有力的伙伴关系，并与政府机构和当地社区组成一个参与委员会，将确保能力建设和技术转让，以促进湿地综合管理和水质报告。因此，CASCADA提供了变革性的过程理解，使我们能够更好地预测冰川消退地形的水质演变，并制定有效的有毒集水区解决方案。

项目成果

Using thermal UAV imagery to model distributed debris thicknesses and sub-debris melt rates on debris-covered glaciers

• DOI: 10.1017/jog.2022.116
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Journal of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Rosie R. Bisset;P. Nienow;D. Goldberg;O. Wigmore;R. Loayza-Muro;J. Wadham;M. Macdonald;R. Bingham

Identifying Acid Lakes and Associated Rock Exposure in Glacial Retreat Zones in the Peruvian Andes using Landsat 8 Imagery

使用 Landsat 8 图像识别秘鲁安第斯山脉冰川退缩区的酸性湖和相关岩石暴露

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3059034/v1
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Garcia J