Air and surface effects on water droplet impact /MATHEMATICS-FOR-BUSINESS CALL

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The research will be based on the themes (i)-(iii) given in 'Objectives' above, with a concentration on understanding and predicting water-droplet into water-layer interactions only at first. The model there involves fundamental new problems scientifically as well as industrially, requiring difficult novel analyses followed by reduced system computation, including interface evolution dynamics, to explain detailed changes in topology and formation of splashed droplets. Incidence, air-water interactions, layer depth, underlying surface roughness, pre-existing air or water motions, and viscosity are among the realistic effects to be added in analytically. The mathematical models will be validated through the UCL-Cranfield linkage in terms of simulations and experiments, as well as being used to predict rebound criteria, mass exchange and droplet disintegration properties, in preparation for the identified exploitation routes particularly in industrial splashing-droplet modelling cases.