2nd ASM Conference on Beneficial Microbes - Host-Microbe Interactions in Health a

第二届 ASM 有益微生物会议 - 健康中的宿主-微生物相互作用

• 批准号: 7479072
• 负责人: MARGARET J MC FALL-NGAI
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7479072
• 关键词: Affect; Age; American; Animals; Area; Behavior; Biochemical; Biology; Biotechnology; California; Communication; Communities; Depth; Development; Disease; Ecology; Emerging Communicable Diseases; Fostering; Funding; Future; Genetic Variation; Health; Homeostasis; Human; Human body; Immune system; Immunology; Indium; International; Investigation; Knowledge; Microbe; Microbiology; Molecular Biology; Molecular Genetics; Pathogenesis; Physiology; Play; Range; Research; Role; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Societies; Study models; Systems Biology; United States; Virus; biomedical scientist; day; frontier; immune function; method development; microbial; microorganism; novel; novel strategies; pressure; response; symposium

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Research advances over the last several years have provided overwhelming evidence that the health of humans, and likely most other animals, is dependent upon their associations with persistent, coevolved communities of microorganisms. Not only do these consortia of beneficial microbes play a critical role in day-to-day physiological homeostasis, but also they partner with the host's immune system to resist pathogenesis. This latter role has taken on an increasing significance in an age of emerging infectious diseases and sophisticated bioweapons development. Investigation of the normal microbiota and its interactions with the host has been enabled by recent technical advances in molecular biology and biotechnology, including the development of methods to identify the constituents of microbial consortia, to define their behavior, and to determine the depth of their influence on host biology. The ASM Beneficial Microbes conferences, in 2005 and now 2008, are internationally attended meetings that bring together biologists in areas ranging from molecular genetics to systems biology and ecology to discuss the development of this frontier field of research. Funding is requested for the support of United States and international scientists attending the upcoming meeting entitled 'Beneficial Microbes Conference 2008 - Host- Microbe Interactions in Health and Disease', sponsored by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM), and to be held in San Diego, California, October 12-17, 2008. The meeting has six sessions devoted to exploring the current state of the field and defining new directions of inquiry. The first session focuses on the description of host- associated consortia, i.e., our current knowledge of microbial species-composition and function in these communities. Then, because all animals, including humans, are products of evolutionary selection, we follow with a second set of presentations exploring the ecological factors and pressures that drive and maintain genetic diversity in these consortia. The third session investigates how microbial associations influence host physiology, and describes the biochemical mechanisms underlying the interactions. Because the immune system is the major element in an animal's response to the presence of microbes, the next two sessions are devoted to exploring the role of the microbiota in normal immune function, and the recognition signals that allow communication between a host and its specific symbiotic partners. The last session looks to the future, introducing novel models for the study of beneficial animal- microbe interactions, as well as a fostering discussion of new frontiers, such as the biology of beneficial viruses. Recent research has demonstrated that humans require interactions with thousands of coevolved microbial species for health, and that the activity of these microbes is likely to profoundly affect all aspects of human physiology and immunology. The recognition of this phenomenon is revolutionizing the way biologists and biomedical scientists view the form and function of the human body. 'Beneficial Microbes Conference 2008 - Host- Microbe Interactions in Health and Disease' is an American Society for Microbiology- sponsored meeting devoted to exploring this frontier. The aim of this conference is to provide a forum for discussion and exchange of ideas, and for the development of new approaches and a conceptual synthesis.

描述（由申请人提供）： 过去几年的研究进展提供了压倒性的证据，证明人类的健康，可能还有大多数其他动物的健康，取决于它们与持久的、共同进化的微生物群落的关系。这些有益微生物的联合体不仅在日常生理稳态中发挥关键作用，而且它们还与宿主的免疫系统合作以抵抗发病机制。在新出现的传染病和尖端生物武器发展的时代，后一种作用的重要性日益增加。分子生物学和生物技术的最新技术进步使正常微生物群及其与宿主的相互作用的研究成为可能，包括鉴定微生物聚生体的成分、定义其行为以及确定其对宿主生物学影响的深度的方法的发展。2005年和现在的2008年ASM有益微生物会议是国际上参加的会议，汇集了从分子遗传学到系统生物学和生态学等领域的生物学家，讨论这一前沿研究领域的发展。请求提供资金，以支持美国和国际科学家参加即将于2008年10月12日至17日在加州圣地亚哥举行的由美国微生物学会主办的题为“2008年有益微生物会议-宿主-微生物在健康和疾病中的相互作用”的会议。会议有六次会议，专门探讨该领域的现状，并确定新的调查方向。第一节着重于描述与东道国有关的财团，即，我们目前对这些群落中微生物种类组成和功能的了解。然后，因为所有的动物，包括人类，都是进化选择的产物，我们接着进行第二组演示，探索驱动和维持这些财团遗传多样性的生态因素和压力。第三节探讨微生物协会如何影响宿主生理，并描述了相互作用的生化机制。由于免疫系统是动物对微生物存在的反应的主要因素，接下来的两个会议致力于探索微生物群在正常免疫功能中的作用，以及允许宿主与其特定共生伙伴之间通信的识别信号。最后一次会议展望未来，介绍了有益的动物-微生物相互作用的研究新模型，以及对新前沿的促进讨论，如有益病毒的生物学。最近的研究表明，人类需要与数千种共同进化的微生物物种相互作用才能获得健康，这些微生物的活动可能会深刻影响人类生理学和免疫学的各个方面。对这一现象的认识正在彻底改变生物学家和生物医学科学家对人体形式和功能的看法。“有益微生物会议2008 -宿主-微生物在健康和疾病中的相互作用”是美国微生物学学会主办的会议，致力于探索这一前沿。这次会议的目的是提供一个论坛，供讨论和交流意见，并制定新的办法和概念综合。